Resumo O conceito de competência intercultural (CI) foi introduzido pelos pesquisadores para entender porque e como algumas pessoas, alguns grupos e algumas organizações prosperam em situações interculturais (LEUNG, ANG e TAN, 2014). A literatura sobre CI é ampla e permeada de muitos conceitos, porém, o foco predominante desses conceitos é cognitivo e comportamental, há escassez de estudos em nível grupal. Somado a essa constatação, existe um paradigma emergente mudando a ênfase da CI, inclusive a capacidade de trabalhar com sucesso em uma equipe diversificada e o desenvolvimento de relacionamento subsequente, caracterizando uma abordagem relacional. Com o objetivo de propor um conceito para a competência intercultural grupal (CIG), inexistente na literatura sobre o tema, surgiu a necessidade de um aprofundamento na literatura de CI individual e de uma investigação de como seria possível trabalhar o conceito em nível grupal. Para isso, mostrou-se necessária uma categorização do campo, classificação de conceitos e análise de elementos e dimensões da CI, com base na literatura de competência de forma geral. Isso possibilitou a elaboração de um conceito para a CIG, abrindo uma perspectiva de construção social da realidade (BERGER e LUCKMANN, 2003), onde a CI grupal pode ser mais bem compreendida a partir de uma perspectiva integradora que abarque as interações sociais. As dimensões que permaneceram no conceito de CI grupal foram: interação, eficácia, diferenças culturais, comunicação, aprendizagem e cultura negociada.
Intercultural competence is a topic that has been increasingly focused on academic researches, mainly related to the context of multinational companies and multicultural teams. The literature on intercultural competence is broad, permeated with many concepts and models of its development, but the main focus is on individual (cognitive/behavioral approach). There are few studies on the group level whose approach emphasize the process. The objective of this study was to empirically test the concept of group intercultural competence (GIC) and analyze its development in multicultural teams, as indicated by Leung, Ang and Tan (2014) . This research can be characterized as qualitative, of exploratory-descriptive type, with an interpretive approach that embraces sequential intra-method triangulation, with interpretative and content analysis. As the results, the process of GIC development was found to occur towards more mature levels of GIC and to be characterized by an upward spiral pyramidal process, where the lowest level evolves to higher levels of GIC through a cycle of inter-cultural learning. This development occurs over time and is permeated by conflict, reflection and change, covering the elements of GIC: interaction, efficacy, cultural differences, intercultural learning and communication, such as cause and consequence. Based on the theoretical and empirical contributions, it was possible to adjust and validate a proposed GIC concept, to adjust the relevant elements and dimensions for GIC analysis, and to understand how the GIC is developed through a procedural perspective where there is an intercultural learning cycle permeated by conflicts, reflections, interaction and changes.
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