(1) JANINE FARIAS MENEGAES (2) , FERNANDA ALICE ANTONELLO LONDERO BACKES (2) , ROGÉRIO ANTÔNIO BELLÉ (2) e ROGÉRIO LUIZ BACKES (2) RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo diagnosticar o mercado varejista de flores e plantas ornamentais do município de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, por meio de pesquisa in loco, entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2013, a partir de questionários e entrevistas com os responsáveis pelos estabelecimentos comerciais, e da aplicação de uma escala visual e fitossanitária aos demais estabelecimentos que comercializam flores e plantas ornamentais, tais como lojas agropecuárias, feiras de produtos hortigranjeiros, supermercados e prestadores de serviços fúnebres -cemitérios e funerárias. O diagnóstico buscou conhecer as etapas da dinâmica do mercado de flores do município, até o consumidor final. Além disso, visou segmentar os tipos de floriculturas distinguindo-as conforme o enfoque comercial, em floriculturas de arranjos florais, buquês e flores envasadas, floriculturas produtoras e floriculturas paisagistas. Com base no diagnóstico, concluiu-se que o varejo de flores e plantas ornamentais santa-mariense segue a tendência nacional de lojas de arranjos e buquês florais, com ascensão das empresas voltadas para o paisagismo e a jardinagem. Em relação às plantas mais comercializadas destacam-se a rosa como flor de corte, a begônia como flor envasada, a samambaia para folhagem de arranjo, os cactos para plantas envasadas, a ráfis para planta de jardim e o amor-perfeito como caixaria. Palavras-chave: floricultura, mercado de flores e plantas ornamentais, questionário, escala de turgidez e de sanidade. ABSTRACT Diagnosis of the retail flower market of Santa Maria, RSThe present study aimed to diagnose the flowers retail market and ornamental plants in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, by means of a research in loco, from January to June of 2013, based on questionnaires and interviews applied to the managers of the establishment, as well as of an application of a visual and phytosanitary scale to other establishments that sell flowers and ornamental plants, such as agricultural shops, fairs of horticultural products, supermarkets and providers of funeral services -cemeteries and funeral homes. The diagnosis aims to know the steps of the dynamics observed from the market of flowers until the final consumer, and to segment the types of floricultures, distinguishing them according to the commercial focus -floricultures of arrangements and bouquets, and producing flowers and landscape floricultures. Based on the diagnosis it can be concluded that the Santa Maria retail flowers and ornamental plants follows the national trend of floral arrangements and bouquets shops, with the increase of the companies focused on landscaping and gardening. Among the most marketed plants are the rose as the best-selling cut flower, the begonia as potted flower, the fern for foliage arrangements, the cactus as potted plant, the raffia as garden plant and the pansy as the best-selling plant in boxes. Keywords: floricultu...

Excessive amounts of salts and soil water deficiency interfere on seed germination and the full development of several crops. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of water stress and salinity on the germination process and initial growth of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seedlings. In the first experiment, two quinoa seed lots with different physiological conditions were distributed on paper soaked in aqueous solution containing polyethylene glycol PEG-6000 in osmotic potentials corresponding to 0.0; -0.1; -0.2; -0.3 and -0.4 MPa and held at 20 °C under 8 hours of light exposition. In the second experiment, solutions of sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) were used to simulate the effect of salinity using the osmotic potentials, temperature and light conditions previously described. Assessed parameters were the germination percentage, first count, length and dry mass of seedlings. There was a reduction in quinoa germination percentage, first seed count and seedling length as the osmotic potential decreased in CaCl 2 , NaCl, KCl, MgCl 2 and PEG-6000 solutions. The quinoa seeds exhibited higher tolerance to NaCl and KCl salts in the germination process and initial seedling growth. The progressive reduction of the osmotic potential induced by salts NaCl, KCl, CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 and PEG-6000 negatively affects seed germination and initial growth of quinoa seedlings.

A educação socioambiental aliada às técnicas de paisagismo tem sido utilizada para melhorar a estética de ambientes proporcionando inúmeros benefícios à sociedade, contribuindo, assim, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos usuários destes espaços. As técnicas de ajardinamento utilizadas para a remodelação ou revitalização da paisagem são fundamentais para tornar o ambiente prazeroso e propício ao convívio social. Desse modo, o presente trabalho objetivou por meio da realização de oficinas de paisagismo e jardinagem, transmitir e desenvolver assuntos sobre esta temática, com o intuito de ajardinar espaços de convivência social, nas comunidades rurais do município de Agudo, RS e no CEASM - Centro de Educação Ambiental de Santa Maria, RS. As oficinas ocorreram em dois momentos durante o dia, manhã e tarde, o período da manhã foi destinado à parte teórica sobre o tema paisagismo e jardinagem. Observou-se nas comunidades rurais que o grupo de mulheres que as mantém preocupam-se na manutenção dos espaços de convívio social e na preservação do meio ambiente e das suas culturas. Já no CEASM observou-se a preocupação dos professores em disseminar os conhecimentos relativos à ornamentação dos espaços escolares, com a finalidade de propiciar aos usuários destes espaços um ambiente prazeroso e socioeducativo.

The conservation of the cut flower stems aims to prolong durability, maintain the quality and reduce the losses after harvest, providing a greater period of lifespan and commercialization. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the quality and durability in post-harvest of fresh safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) flower stems harvested in different times and submitted to different preservative solutions. The experiment was conducted in entirely randomized design and, organized in 4x8 (four preservative solutions and eight harvest seasons) factorial scheme, with four repetitions, and each experimental unit consisting of five floral stems. The cultivation of floral stems of safflower occurred at Floriculture Sector and the harvest seasons of them were carried out in the beginning of flowering from the sowing performed in the first seasonal half: in winter, spring and summer of 2016, autumn, winter, spring and summer of 2017 and autumn of 2018. And, the preservative solutions were: distilled water (control); distilled water + sucrose 2%; distilled water + sodium hypochlorite 2% and distilled water + sucrose 2% + sodium hypochlorite 2%. The floral stems were evaluated in relation to quality notes, dehydration and absorption of preservative solutions. We observed that the floral stems of safflower presented shelf life in average of nine days, with absorption of solution in average of 0.021 mL day-1 g-1 of fresh mass and that the use of preservatives was not beneficial to conservation in post-harvest.

Minimizing the harmful effects of copper (Cu) in the soil, using plants are slow and gradual, requiring the identification of species with fitorremediativa fitness for this process. Thus, the present work had as objective to evaluate the cultivation of chrysanthemum cv. Dark Fiji in soil added with Cu as promising phytoremediation. The experiment was conducted in the period from July to December 2014, in the greenhouse of the Floriculture UFSM. In a completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments composed of doses of Cu added to the soil, in the amounts of 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 mg kg-1 and control (without addition), with five replications. In two crop cycles both with duration of 104 days from the production of seedlings to harvest. Chrysanthemum cuttings were obtained from cuttings collected in the garden clonal itself, with 8 cm long, rooted in commercial substrate and transplanted into containers containing soil. They evaluated phytotechnical parameters and translocation factors of aerial part of bioaccumulation and bioconcentration factor of Cu in plant roots and metal extraction rate. It was observed that at all doses of Cu added to the soil, the plants showed low plant development and floriferous affecting its aesthetic quality in both crop cycles. The high accumulation of Cu in the roots is indicative of growing tolerance, cv. Dark Fiji in areas with excess of this, with phytoremediation potential.