To reduce the emission of harmful materials into the ecosystem, researchers have been exploring the potential of manufacturing polymeric composites based on natural fibres. Although the large area of application of these materials has encouraged investigations of their performance under various loading conditions, less research has been conducted on their tribological behaviour. Hence, in this study, tribological tests were conducted on epoxy composites based on bamboo fibres. The wear performance of bamboo fibre reinforced epoxy was tested using various operating parameters, and the worn surfaces were examined using optical microscopy. The results revealed that the specific wear rate of the composites reduced since the epoxy was reinforced with bamboo fibres. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed different wear mechanisms and damages.

Coconut fibre reinforced polymer composites are gaining popularity in the field of engineering due to the many benefits that come with them such as low cost of production, easy fabrication, enhanced strength compared to other polymer composites. Of late, there has been an increase in the use of composites that are naturally based because they have many benefits. In line with this, the current research is focused on the mechanical properties of coconut fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The effect of the fibre content on the flexural and compressive characteristics of the epoxy composites was investigated. Chemical treatment of the coconut fibres was performed using 50% bleaching concertation. The composites were fabricated in random orientations withe fibre length of 10 mm as recommended by the literature. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the fractured surfaces. The main findings are that the increase in the volume fraction of the coconut fibre in the epoxy composites increases the flexural and compressive strengths. SEM showed that the main failure mechanisms were brittle nature in the epoxy regions and pullout and breakage of fibres in the coconut region.

This study aims to investigate the effects of seed grinding process on the tribological characteristics of components in agricultural machines. The objective is to conduct the the effect of third body presence such as seeds on the tribological behavior of agriculture machines and evaluate the fracture mechanism of the seeds under three body abrasion loading conditions. The work consists of two main parts: Firstly, mechanical test which is related with the Hounsfield compression machines test and understanding the mechanical behaviour of wheat seed (Triticum aestivum) under compressive loading conditions. Secondly, the research aim to modify the current tribology machine to perform three body abrasion owing to test the rubbed components under seed third body configuration. Moreover, for each grind attempt, different discs have been used such as; the rubber disc, mild steel disc and stainless steel. The mechanical results revealed that the samples have maximum forces need to breakdown (rapture) the seed was (125 N) and minimum (84 N) average for all samples (102 N), stress results were maximum (1.81 Mpa), minimum (1.26 Mpa), average for all samples (1.58 Mpa) and in regarding to elongation average result was (0.86 mm). The failure mechanism was clear fracture in the seeds due to the brittleness behaviour of the seed and splitting of the seeds into two halves is the obvious damage feature. For the tribology machine, different attempts have been used to modify the machine to conduct the three-body abrasion for the grindings the seeds. However, there is no attempt displayed a good result. Grinding process for wheat seed by using rubber disc exhibited no result comes out because the seeds surfaces' tribological properties cannot affect the rubber surface and both have the same smoothness surfaces. In another word, the seed shape is not multiangles or has not brittle shape (nature) to provide better contact with rubber disc. Secondly with applying mild steel for grinding the same result find out the seed cannot grinding because the disc tribological still cannot supply best condition to crush seed might be this issue related with the shape of wheat seed also which is ellipse shape and the steel is highly smoothed. Therefore, both disc and seed are circle shape that is making them rotating each other's rather than effect surface each other. Finally, the modification has been done for the tribo-machine enhancing the grinding operation. The modification was putting gear under the mild steel disc. This strategy helps the process quite successfully.