In this study, hand lay-up technique was used to fabricate epoxy composite based on jute fibre mates. Three different orientations wew considered in the fabrication of the composites. The characteristics of the material removal from the surface of the composite due to sliding condition was investigated. Different applied loads were considered to gain different shear force in the interface. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the influence of the shear force on the interaction between the fibre and the resin after sliding at different orientations. The outcome would be significantly contributed to the knowledge of composite science and tribology. The main findings of the work was that fibre orientation has very significant influence of the wear and frictional performance of jute fibre reinforced epoxy composites. Sliding distance controls the running in and steady state wear behaviour of the composites especially when the composite was tested in parallel and antiparallel orientations. Wear resistance of the composites found to be better in the antiparallel orientation followed by parallel and then normal. Jute fibres gave very promising results to replace glass fibres for the same composites at the same operating conditions.

This research examines the friction and dry wear behaviours of glass fibre-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) and glass fibre-reinforced polyester (GFRP) composites. Three fibre orientations—parallel orientation (P–O), anti-parallel orientation (AP–O), and normal orientation (N–O)—and various sliding distances from 0–15 km were examined. The experiments were carried out using a block-on-ring configuration at room temperature, an applied load of 30 N, and a sliding velocity of 2.8 m/s. During the sliding, interface temperatures and frictional forces were captured and recorded. Worn surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy to identify the damage. The highest wear rates for GFRE composites occurred in those with AP–O fibres, while the highest wear rates for GFRP composites occurred in those with P–O fibres. At longer sliding distances, composites with P–O and N–O fibres had the lowest wear rates. The highest friction coefficient was observed for composites with N–O and P–O fibres at higher sliding speeds. The lowest friction coefficient value (0.25) was for composites with AP–O fibres. GFRP composites with P–O fibres had a higher wear rate than those with N–O fibres at the maximum speed.

This project conducts a study on wear performance and frictional behaviour of selected metals against stainless steel counterface under dry contact condition. The chosen materials for conducting this study are mild steel, copper and aluminium. The parameters used for inspection and analysis of this project are applied load (0-90N) and sliding distance (0-14 km). Block on ring machine was used to conduct the adhesive wear testings. The worn surfaces are examined and wear mechanisms are categorized using scanning electron microscopy. The results reveal that copper shows better wear properties and aluminium shows less friction. Mild steel exhibits a high rate of wear and material removal. All three materials revealed three different wear mechanisms; aluminium (abrasive and adhesive), mild steel (abrasive and ploughing), copper (adhesive).

This chapter addresses the proposal of fragmentation test and its simulation using ANSYS software owing to understand the interfacial adhesion of natural fibre with synthetic matrix. Date palm fibres and epoxy materials are selected for the study. The influence of NaOH concentration and fibre diameter on the interfacial adhesion of the fibre with the epoxy are studied. The results indicated that the addition of the fibre to the matrix significantly improved the mechanical properties of the composites. However, an optimum value for the chemical concentration and the fibre diameters should be considered in developing such materials. High NaOH concentration deteriorates the tensile strength of the fibre. Meanwhile, low NaOH concentration exhibits poor interfacial adhesion.

Different screen printing parameters have a distinct effect on the quality of coating that is created. This experimental work looked to measure these parameters. It is divided into two parts where the first part measured the surface wettability of various substrates Wettability measurement was performed through measuring the contact angle between the droplet and the substrate surface. Varying the UV exposure time by putting substrate in the UV ozone cleaner has a considerable effect on the wettability of the surface. Water was supplied to a PEDOT: PSS substrate via Fibro DAT 1100 which is attached to a camera and a computer for capturing and analyzing coatings for the spread of a water droplet on the substrate surface. From these analyses, the main aim is to measure the contact angle between the droplet and the substrate surface which indicates the surface wettability. Some factors may affect the wettability of the surface such as varying the UV time and varying the hold time. As a result, increasing these times will decrease the contact angle where a small contact angle indicates a favorable wettability. The second part measured the electrical resistance and transparency of the printed ink after various printing experiments such as implementing UV treatment, changing the ink and changing the mesh ruling. The Rheometer device was used to test the properties of the specimen. Where this device can be used to measure the properties of the specimen such as the shear modules, in this paper the plate was used to effect on the specimens, where different readings are recorded for these specimens. Also, 24 samples were prepared and the electrical resistance for these samples was measured in this paper. As a result, the electrical resistance for treated samples was greater than that for untreated samples; the electrical resistance of Elentan ink was greater than that for PEDOT at the same conditions. Changing the screen size from (61-64) to (40-100) increase the value of resistance at the same conditions. For the transparency measurements the Elentan ink had a higher transparency than PEDOT ink. The paper also carried out an analysis for the relation between the thickness of the phosphor layer and the lamp output, where the relation was inversely proportion.