No abstract

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja dendroflore Gradskog parka na području grada Bihaća, koji je smješten u sjeverozapadnom dijelu Bosne i Hercegovine, podno planina Plješevice i Grmeč te brda Debeljača. Kroz njega protječu rijeka Una te njeni pritoci Klokot i Privilica. Tijekom florističkog istraživanja koje je provedeno na obuhvatnom području Gradskog parka u Bihaću, tijekom 2016. godine, zabilježeno je 80 svojti iz 30 porodica, s ukupno 663 jedinke. U parku dominiraju kritosjemenjače (66 svojti; 83 %), među kojima su dvosupnice (78; 97 %), u većoj mjeri zastupljenije nego jednosupnice (2; 3 %). Golosjemenjače su zastupljene s 14 svojti (17 %). S najvećim brojem vrsta ističe se porodica Rosaceae (10 svojti; 13 %) od ukupno 80 svojti. U pogledu habitusa (Erhardt et al., 2002.) dominiraju stabla (45 svojti; 56 %), potom slijede grmovi (32 svojte; 40 %), zatim penjačice (2 svojte; 3 %) i puzavice (1 svojta; 1 %). Listopadne svojte (60; 75 %) su zastupljenije od vazdazelenih (19; 24 %) i zimzelenih (1; 1 %). Najbrojnija svojta u parku je hibridna platana (Platanus x hispanica Münch) sa 115 jedinki. Prema geografskom podrijetlu alohtone svojte (42; 52 %) su zastupljenije od autohtonih (35; 44 %) i hibrida (3; 4 %). Od 42 determinirane alohtone svojte u invazivne spadaju tri (7 %), dok u egzote spada 39 svojti (93 %). Od 80 zabilježenih svojti, u kultivare spada 15 svojti (19 %), a u hibride tri svojte (4 %). U pogledu krajobraznih vrijednosti Gradski park u Bihaću, koji je izgrađen 1888. godine, veoma je bogat dendrološkim svojtama. Neke od njih potječu iz vremena podizanja parka. Navedeni objekt se ubraja u ljepše bosansko-hercegovačke parkove. Međutim potrebna mu je dodatna revitalizacija. Drveće i grmlje uglavnom ima dobre funkcionalne, estetske i oblikovne karakteristike. Parkovna infrastruktura je u vrlo dobrom stanju.

No abstract

Black cherry ( Prunus serotina Ehrh., Rosaceae) is a widespread invader of the European temperate forests and a significant component of the human-caused part of the global environmental changes. Its successful invasion results from a complex interaction between the species life traits and the recipient ecosystem attributes. While it has been recorded to develop spontaneously in numerous European countries, in Croatia information details on its population distribution, as well as its current status, are still missing. The individuals of P. serotina were found in the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) forest regeneration area of Jastrebarsko forest management unit in 2018. This alerted us to start to monitor its spreading area, status and impact on the native plant species in a four-year period (2018-2021). In order to investigate the habitat characteristics, phytosociological approach was applied. In addition, the area was surveyed using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) DJI Mavic 2 Pro and DJI Ground Station Pro. The results showed that P. serotina spread considerably in the regeneration area, which indicates its invasive character. It also caused alteration in current vegetation. Fast initial expansion of P. serotina in 2019 was slowed down in the next 2 years due to performed tending activities, suggesting mechanical measures could help to control its invasive spreading at an early stage of development. This research brought up the first record of the Prunus serotina species in pedunculate oak forest regeneration area of western Croatia with a recommendation to continue the monitoring survey in order to help prevent its spread in the future.

Common or English yew (Taxus baccata L., Taxaceae) is a conifer species, native to Europe, northern Africa, Asia Minor and Caucasus. It is a dioecious, wind-pollinated and animal-dispersed tree, known for its high-quality wood and medicinal properties, albeit poisonous. The species is rare and has been legally protected at the European and national levels. In addition, its low population density and disjunct character of distribution have reinforced the need for its protection as regeneration is mostly lacking. The aim of this study was to phenotypically characterise the north-western Balkan yew populations. Phenotypic diversity was examined for seven populations, using morphometric analysis of nine phenotypic traits of needles. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the inter- and intrapopulation variability. In addition, to test correlations between geographic, climatic and phenotypic data, Mantel test was used. We identified a geographic structure across studied populations that exhibited high levels of variability on intra- and interpopulation levels. Two groups of populations have been defined and are consistent with previously described genetic divergent lineages from separate refugia. In addition, a significant correlation between phenotypic and geographic data were revealed, i.e., isolation by distance (IBD). However, the Mantel test revealed no significant correlation between morphometric and environmental data. In conclusion, our data reveal that the historical events and persistent IBD acted in combination to produce the morphological patterns observed in common yew populations in the north-western part of the Balkan Peninsula. Finally, we suggested conservation measures to be implemented on a stand level, with habitat preservation as the main goal. In addition, ex situ conservation should be considered, both in the form of collections and urban planting, as both provide additional gene pool reserves.