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absorption of calcium and phosphate. Vitamin D was long known to be a major player in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. Vitamin D was first discovered at the beginning of the 20th century as a missing nutrient in children with severe bone demineralization, a disease called rickets. In humans, the most important related compounds of vitamin D are vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). [1] Vitamin D2 is synthesized by plants (mainly mushrooms and yeast), whereas vitamin D3 is synthesized in skin when it is exposed to ultraviolet B rays from sunlight or from artificial food source such as fatty fish, eggs, beef liver, and mushrooms. So, it is also called " sunshine vitamin." [2] Background: Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. Vitamin D is a major player in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. In humans, the most important compounds of vitamin D are vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Most of the vitamin D3 is synthesized in skin when it is exposed to ultraviolet B rays from sunlight. Vitamin D deficiency causes osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children. Deficiency of vitamin D results in impaired bone mineralization and bone damage, which leads to bone-softening diseases. Objective: To find out the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in well socioeconomic population of Ahmedabad,

Multiple choice questions are nowadays used in competitive examination and formative assessment to assess the student's eligibility and certification.Item analysis is the process of collecting,summarizing and using information from students' responses to assess the quality of test items.Goal of the study was to identify the relationship between the item difficulty index and item discriminating index in medical student's assessment. 400 final year medical students from various medical colleges responded 200 items constructed for the study.The responses were assessed and analysed for item difficulty index and item discriminating power. Item difficulty index an item discriminating power were analysed by statical methods to identify correlation.The discriminating power of the items with difficulty index in 40%-50% was the highest. Summary and Conclusion:Items with good difficulty index in range of 30%-70% are good discriminator.

Background: The majority of proximal femur fractures (PFFs) affects the elderly. The present study was conducted to analyze the functional outcome of proximal femur fracture in patients having cardiac diseases. Materials and Methods: A prospective medical record of 50 cases that underwent surgery at Department of Orthopedics, LG Hospital and AMC MET College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat (India) were selected who were having proximal femur fracture with cardiac diseases. The preliminary history, examination details and functional outcome was assessed using Harris Hip score. After taking detailed history and examination, the patients were followed up after 4-6 weeks and 3-4 months. All statistical calculations were done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) SPSS 21 version statistical program for Microsoft Windows. Results: The mean HHS at 4-6 weeks was 42.33 and at 3-4 months was found to be 65.43 and the p value found to be 0.0001 which is a significant value. The maximum mean HHS found in patients having LV dysfunction was 43.45 and minimum mean HHS found in patients having an old MI i.e. 30.23. At 3-4 months, mean HHS was found to be maximum in patients with H/O CABG that i.e.