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Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of light‐cured composite resins (Clearfil ES‐2, Clearfil ES Flow, Filtek Supreme XTE, Grengloo, Blugloo, Transbond XT, and Transbond LR) then to assess leachable components in contact with human gingival fibroblasts (GFs) and to quantity detected bisphenol A (BPA). Methods Light‐cured composite resin discs were immersed for 24 hours in gingival fibroblastic medium (n = 3 for each product) and in control medium (n = 2 for each product) contained in plate. Cytotoxicity of the products (n = 95) was determined by the measure of cell viability using MTT assay after reading the optical densities of the plates. The analysis of leachable components was done by gas phase chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and detected BPA was quantified. The limit of quantification was 0.01 μg/mL. Statistical analyses were performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U‐tests were applied. Results Cell viabilities were between 85 and 90%. Many chemical compounds including triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and BPA were identified. The average concentrations were 0.67 μg/mL ± 0.84 in the control medium and 0.73 μg/mL ± 1.05 in the fibroblastic medium. Filtek Supreme XTE presented the highest concentration of BPA with 2.16 μg/mL ± 0.65 and Clearfil ES Flow presented the lowest with 0.25 μg/mL ± 0.35. No BPA was detected with Transbond XT and Transbond LR. Clearfil ES Flow, Filtek Supreme XTE, Grengloo and Transbond LR presented residual TEGDMA. Conclusions Light‐cured composite resins are slightly cytotoxic opposite GFs and release many components including BPA and TEGDMA. Clinical precautions should be taken to decrease the release of these monomers.

Objective The aim of this study was to perform an analysis of angular measurements (from both the full face and profile), according to shapes of the human face. Method It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 108 black Ivorian subjects. For each subject selected, two standardized photographs (full face and profile) were taken, followed by anthropometric measurements. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 statistics software for Windows. Results In the present work, the faces were considered according to three particular qualifiers: broad face, medium face, and narrow face. Thus, 45.37% of the faces in this study were large, 31.48% on average, and 23.15% narrow. The interlabial angles of average face and long face were wider than that of large face with p < 0.01. The angle of the facial width was higher for large face and average face, compared to narrow face (p < 0.001). Conclusion Median and bilateral angles lead to rational understanding of the various shapes of the human face.

Cell culture is an important tool in medical, odontological and biological research laboratories, supporting cell therapies and tissue bioengineering strategies. It is used as a means for in vitro testing of the biocompatibility of resin polymers used in dentistry. The majority of cells are cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) or RPMI supplemented with fetal bovine serum. Several cell types are being studied including gingival fibroblasts. Gingival fibroblasts are the main cells of gingival connective tissue. These cells play an active and important role in almost all coating fabric processes, and its involvement in various pathophysiological conditions, including, healing, repair, aging, psoriasis, cancer among others, is only beginning to be understood. DMEM is the most widely used fibroblastic culture medium. This model describes a method for obtaining and cultivating human gingival fibroblasts, by explants derived from surgical discards. Fibroblasts were isolated mechanically and cultured in RPMI 1640 culture medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum 10%, Penicillin (10000 U/ml)/Streptomycin (10 mg/ml) 1% and L-Glutamine (200 mM) 1%. The culture medium is replaced every two days. Cells forming a fairly dense network were observed after a period of 4 days of culture. Human gingival fibroblasts can be cultured by direct explant technique with RPMI 1640 culture medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum and antibiotics.