Introdução: A presença da tuberculose no sistema prisional tem sido descrita como uma ameaça, já que tem maior incidência na população carcerária do que na população em geral. Objetivo: Verificar, através de uma revisão de literatura, as principais razões dos casos de tuberculose nos presídios brasileiros. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma busca na base de dados dos Periódicos da Capes e Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) com os termos "tuberculose", "presídio" e "brasileiros". A busca totalizou 34 documentos, dos quais somente 8 foram utilizados para a referida pesquisa. Resultados e conclusão: A partir dos dados obtidos foi possível observar altas taxas de infecção por tuberculose nos presídios brasileiros, baixa informação sobre a doença e precariedade no atendimento dos infectados, além dessa enfermidade apresentar associação com o tempo de permanência na prisão. Palavras-chave: Tuberculose; presídios; brasileiros. Introduction: The presence of tuberculosis in the prison system has been described as a threat, once its incidence is higher in the prison population than in the general one. Objective: To verify through a literature review the main reasons for cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Brazilian prisons. Materials and Methods: A search in the Journals database of Capes and Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) was performed with the words "tuberculosis", "prison" and "Brazilian". The search totaled 34 documents, of which only eight were used for this search. Results and conclusion: From the data obtained we observed high TB infection rates in Brazilian prisons, poor information about the disease and insecurity in the care of those infected, along with an association of this disease with the duration of the stay in prison.
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