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This paper presents an up-to-date comprehensive overview of the MACBETH approach to multicriteria decision-aid. It requires only qualitative judgements about di®erences of attractiveness to help a decision maker, or a decision-advisory group, quantify the relative value of options. The approach, based on the additive value model, aims to support interactive learning about evaluation problems and the elaboration of recommendations to prioritize and select options in individual or group decision making processes. A case study based on a real-world application of MACBETH for multicriteria value measurement of IT solutions is presented. It shows how the M-MACBETH decision support system can be used in practice to construct an additive evaluation model. The paper addresses key issues related to structuring the model, building value scales, weighting criteria and sensitivity and robustness analyzes. Reference is also made to applications of MACBETH reported in the scienti¯c literature.

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The application of classical models and techniques for cardinal measurement of values usually requires a person (D) to answer very difficult questions. The MACBETH approach, presented in this paper, proposes a simple questioning procedure to ‘drive’ the interactive quantification of values through pairwise verbal judgements of difference of attractiveness between valuable elements of a set A. Technically, MACBETH uses a chain of four linear programs for assigning numbers to the elements of set A based upon the qualitative judgements expressed by D and to reveal possible sources of incoherence. In practice, this information is to be used as a basis for discussion and learning. MACBETH stands for Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation TecHnique.

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