Résumé—Au total, 246 lapines de la souche INRA0029 ont été mises en place pour réaliser deux portées en insémination artificielle. La moitié avait préalablement subi une ovariectomie unilatérale pour doubler le nombre de foetus dans une corne utérine. Le nombre de foetus implantés était compté par endoscopie. Il existe une relation du nombre d'implants positive avec la taille de portée et négative avec le taux de survie foetale. Il y a une relation de la taille de portée positive avec le poids total des nés vivants et négative avec le poids moyen des lapereaux nés vivants. L'effet défavorable du doublement de la population dans une corne sur le taux de survie foetale (-5,2 points) et le poids moyen des lapereaux à la naissance (-2,6 g) est significatif, mais beaucoup plus faible. En deuxième parité, les portées étaient standardisées à six lapereaux à la naissance, qui étaient pesés chaque semaine jusqu'au sevrage, puis à 7 et 11 semaines pour les femelles conservées. La relation négative entre poids individuel et taille de portée à la naissance est significative quel que soit l'âge, malgré un effet favorable de la taille de portée à la naissance sur la production de lait pendant les deux premières semaines. L'effet défavorable du groupement de tous les fcetus dans une seule corne est beaucoup plus faible et de moins en moins marqué quand l'âge des lapereaux augmente ; l'effet défavorable sur la croissance est une conséquence de l'effet sur le poids à la naissance. Il n'y a aucun effet du surpeuplement utérin ou de la taille de portée sur la croissance après sevrage. La diminution du poids des lapereaux issus de grandes portées semble donc essentiellement due à une compétition nutritionnelle pendant la gestation entre tous les fcetus et non à un surpeuplement physique des cornes utérines. L'augmentation de la prolificité doit donc s'accompagner d'une meilleure couverture des besoins de la lapine gestante.lapin / reproduction / croissance / effets maternels Summary — Relations between the crowding of the uterine horns, litter size at birth and growth of young rabbits from birth to 11 weeks, after cross-fostering of litters. The effect of the number of foetuses during pregnancy and of litter size at birth on young rabbits' weight at birth and up to 11 weeks was investigated. Two hundred forty-six does from the INRA0029 strain were bred in artificial insemination. Half of them were unilaterally ovariectomized before puberty in order to achieve a double crowding of the uterine horn corresponding to the remaining ovary and so to challenge the uterine capacity. The number of implanted foetuses was counted by endoscopy. There was a positive relationship of the total number of implanted embryos with litter size at birth, in spite of a negative relationship with the foetal survival rate. There was a positive relationship of litter size at birth with the litter weight, in spite of a negative relationship with the average weight of young rabbits alive at birth. The unfavourable effect of double crowding of one h...
Male rabbits aged from 4 to 4-5 months were subjected to a 8L : 16D photoperiod for 4 weeks and were then split into two groups. One group of13 males was maintained at 8L : 16D (group 8). The other included 16 males and was submitted to 16L : 8D (group 16). Two successive ejaculates zvere collected and analysed once a week for 6 months. Animals from group 8 were sexually more active and ejaculated significantly larger volumes of semen than those from group 16. Performance of males from group 16 was better for all other measurements, whether these were qualitative (motility, percentage of live spermatozoa) or quantitative. Averages for the total number of spermatozoa and number of live spermatozoa per ejaculate were significantly greater in males submitted to 16L : 8D (509 and 408 v. 452 and 344 X 10 6 spermatozoa, respectively). However the testes of rabbits in group 8 had a significantly greater volume than those in group 16 (22-3 v. 17-4 cm 3 , P < 0-001). After the animals were slaughtered when 11 months of age, the volume and weight of the testes and the testis and epidydimis reserves did not differ significantly between groups. Under our experimental conditions, the sperm output of bucks exposed to 16 h of daylength was greater than that of bucks exposed to 8 h of daylength but in vivo and post-mortem measurements did not reflect this difference.
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