Outcomes for children with cancer have improved dramatically over recent years; however, in the developing world, the scarcity of hospital resources and the overwhelming burden of non-cancer diseases can mean that oncological treatment is extremely challenging. In our society, children tend to present with nephroblastoma at an advanced stage; however, treatment by dedicated, multidisciplinary teams can achieve good results.

Background: The proliferative phase of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) is usually complete by 9 months of life. Late growth beyond age 3 years is rarely reported.Objective: To describe the demographic and clinic characteristics of a cohort of patients with late growth of IH, defined as growth in a patient [3 years of age.Methods: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.Results: In total, 59 patients, 85% of which were female, met the inclusion criteria. The mean first episode of late growth was 4.3 (range 3-8.5) years. Head and neck location (55/59; 93%) and presence of deep hemangioma (52/59; 88%) were common characteristics. Posterior fossa malformations, hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye abnormalities (PHACE) syndrome was noted in 20 of 38 (53%) children with segmental facial IH. Systemic therapy (corticosteroid or b-blocker) was given during infancy in 58 of 59 (98%) and 24 of 59 (41%) received systemic therapy (b-blockers) for late IH growth. Limitations:The retrospective nature and ascertainment by investigator recall are limitations of the study. Conclusion:Late IH growth can occur in children after 3 years of age. Risk factors include head and neck location, segmental morphology, and involvement of deep dermal/subcutaneous tissues.

Sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma is a rare, locally aggressive adnexal tumor that frequently occurs on the face of middle-aged adults, invades deeply, and has a propensity to recur. We report a rare instance of sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma occurring in a 6-year-old African American child and review the literature of this infrequently observed neoplasm.

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