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Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a potential application of remote sensing to geological and hydrometeorological hazards. This paper presents sustainability strategies for smart cities: the use of SAR Sentinel-1 for monitoring flood inundation and landslide hazards in Aceh Province, Indonesia. In this study, for flood detection, we attempt to uses Sentinel-1A (S-1A) in the same direction and acquisition through polarization of Vertical transmit and Vertical received (VV) – Vertical transmit and Horizontal received (VH) with a temporal baseline of 6 days. Those data were then analysed using the SNAP Toolbox. The results showed that the S-1A was successfully for detecting a flood inundation in which VH polarization is more sensitive than VV. For landslide monitoring, we apply multitemporal SAR images, where one of them is the Quasi-Persistent Scatterers (Q-PS) technique. Using ascending and descending orbit pass results in a better velocity map where both sides of the slope are detected due to the different sensor angle of both orbital passes. This technique has resulted in the undulating areas being monitored well and this will also fill the gap of layover and shadowing phenomena of the slant range SAR image. The Q-PS combinations were very effective to identify the deformation features associated with the land movement. For a smart city, natural hazards such as landslides and floods require continuous monitoring to ensure the potential as well as management and mitigation of natural hazards. Therefore, the InSAR technique is one of the effective ways for doing this strategy.

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Several decorrelation phenomena of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) have led researchers to develop various multitemporal InSAR (MT-InSAR) techniques with the application of time series/stack of images. In this study, we present the land surface movement monitoring using MT-InSAR techniques in the Central of Aceh-Indonesia, and focus on the temporal and spatial pattern of uplift and subsidence by using multi InSAR methods such as Quasi-Persistent Scatterer (Q-PS) and Small Baseline Subset (SBAS). A total of 18 scenes of Sentinel-1A(S-1A) and 14 scenes of ALOS PALSAR-1(PALSAR-1) images were acquired between 2018 and 2019, as well as 2007 and 2010, where then the multitemporal methods and techniques were applied sequentially to a set of those data. The results showed that the either the S-1A and PALSAR-1 velocity subsidence at Nunang and Musara Alun villages were range from 2.4 to 5.7 and 0.6 to 2.3 mm/year, respectively which corresponded to the results obtained by other research publication. The deformation in Central Aceh needs continuous monitoring using InSAR as the place is a landslide prone area because of the nature of the terrain.

An updated information of flood mapping that recently occurred in South Sulawesi is an important necessity for site policy makers. Mapping of flood area during or soon after the flooding event is tremendous hardwork. However using active-remote sensing namely InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique can overcome these limitatations. To achieve it, at least two radar images have to be obtained which is 1 image before and 1 image during/after flood event. We selected 2 images Sentinel-1A GRD (Ground Range Detected) data for the same pass direction and the same time acquisitation with polarization VH (Vertical-Horizontal), 12 days of temporal baseline. The images were then processed by SNAP (Sentinel Application Platform) Toolbox. The results show that Sentinel-1A succeeded in detecting and monitoring flood event, where inundated of water in Tallo River is clearly visible in VH polarization.