Abstrak Telah dilakukan pemetaan daerah rawan banjir di Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan aplikasi penginderaan jauh dan sistem informasi geografis. Metode penelitian berupa pembuatan peta curah hujan, pembuatan peta tutupan lahan dan pembuatan peta kelas lereng. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat kerawanan banjir di kecamatan kupang timur kabupaten kupang dibagi dalam 3 kelas yaitu kelas tidak rawan dengn luas wilayah 8284,32 Ha dengan persentase yaitu 50.70 %, kelas rawan dengan luas wilayah 3368,61 Ha dengan presentase yaitu 20.62 % dan kelas sangat rawan dengan luas wilayah 4686,93 Ha dengan presentase yaitu 28.68 %. Kata kunci: Pemetaan, Penginderaan Jauh, Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Abstract [Mapping of flood - prone areas in the district of east Kupang, Regency of Kupang East Nusa Tenggara Province using application of remote sensing and geographic information system] has been done. The research method such as making a rainfall map, a land cover Map, and making a slope class Map. The results of research showed that flood vulnerability level in east Kupang district became three vulnerability classes: Class with an area not prone to flooding 8284.32 Ha (50.70 %), class with an area rather prone to flooding 3368.61 Ha (20.62 %) and class with an area very prone to flooding 72.912,96 Ha (28.68 %) Keywords: Mapping, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Abstrak Telah dilakukan pemetaan daerah rawan erosi di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan menggunakan aplikasi penginderaan jauh dan sistem infomasi geografi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk memetakan daerah rawan erosi dan tingkat kerawanannya di Kabupaten Timor Tengah selatan, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode penelitian berupa pembuatan peta curah hujan, pembuatan peta tutupan lahan, dan pembuatan peta kelas lereng. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian, tingkat rawan erosi dibagi menjadi tiga kelas yaitu: kelas tidak rawan erosi  dengan luas wilayah 127.218,69 Ha meliputi kecamatan Noebeba, kecamatan Amanuban Selatan, kecamatan Kualin, sebagian kecamatan Amanuban Timur dan kecamatan Fatukopa. Kelas  rawan erosi  dengan luas wilayah 251.082,09 Ha meliputi hampir seluruh kecamatan Timor Tengah Selatan dan kelas sangat rawan erosi sekitar 9.125,1 Ha meliputi wilayah kecamatan Fatumnasi, kecamatan Tobu, kecamatan Mollo Utara, sebagian kecamatan Kot’olin. Kata kunci: Peta Rawan Erosi, Penginderaan Jauh, Sistem Informasi Geografi.   Abstract We made maps of areas prone to erosion in Timor Tengah Selatan regency,  province of East Nusa Tenggara using remote sensing and geographic information system. The purpose of this study is to map areas prone to erosion and risks assessment in  Timor Tengah Selatan regency East Nusa Tenggara province .The research methods include the use of GIS to make rainfall, land cover map and class slopes map. Based on the results, level of erosion can be divided into three classes. First, areas which are not  prone to erosion (127.218,69 Ha), covering districts Noebeba, districts Amanuban South, districts Kualin, most districts Amanuban East and districts Fatukopa. Second, areas prone to erosion (251.082.09 Ha) covering almost all districts Timor Tengah Selatan. Third, areas highly prone to erosion (9.125,1 Ha) covering an area districts Fatumasi, districts Tobu, Mollo Utara, districts, most  districts  Kot`olin. Keywords: Erosion hazard map, Remote sensing, Geographic information system.

The geographical conditions of an area influence accessibility problems. The difficult geographical conditions caused travel time to the location of the obstetric emergency center to be very long. One of the causes of the high maternal mortality rate in Eastern Indonesia is the long time to travel to Basic Emergency Obstetrics Cares. This study aims to model the travel time to the PONED-Pelayanan Obstetri Neonatal Emergensi Dasar (Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care-BEmONC) in a mountain region. The difficulties in access to obstetric care could cause maternal mortality in mountain regions. This study was done on the island of Adonara in the Flores Timur district. Adonara Island has a high maternal mortality rate. Modeling accessibility used a raster-based model to model travel time. The data used Landsat 8 imagery, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and road network data to obtain a land cover layer. The Saga GIS travel time calculation tool is used to calculate the accumulated cost of travel time. The cost is based on the speed of travel through each land cover pixel to the location of the Puskesmas Waiwerang (PONED 1) and Puskesmas Waiwadan (PONED 2). The results of the travel time modeling show that people living in five sub-districts reach the two PONED locations in ≥ 1 hour. The longest time for people to travel to PONED is ≥ 6 hours from Ile Boleng sub-district because there is a mountain in the Ile Boleng sub-district. The scenario of adding one PONED shows that only people living in two sub-districts reach the PONED  ≥ 1 hour. This spatial modeling of travel time to the location of the PONED (emergency obstetric care) can be used by local governments in eastern Indonesia to improve access to the location of basic obstetric emergency health centers in mountain areas.

Abstrak  Telah dilakukan analisis pola distribusi unsur-unsur cuaca di lapisan atas atmosfer di wilayah kota Kupang, menggunakan data radiosonde dengan rentang data selama 4 tahun (2015-2018) dari 4 titik pengambilan data yaitu di kota kupang, banjarmasin, surabaya, dan makassar yang meliputi data suhu, kelembapan dan angin yang kemudian dibuat menjadi peta distribusi dengan menggunakan aplikasi surfer 13. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pada bulan April-September (musim kemarau), di lapisan 850 mb memiliki suhu di BBU yang lebih tinggi dari BBS, dan kelembapannya paling tinggi ada di wilayah banjarmasin dan paling rendah ada di wilayah kota Kupang. Pada lapisan 700 mb distribusi suhu tidak merata di berbagai wilayah. Kota kupang memiliki suhu paling tinggi tetapi kelembapan paling rendah. Pada lapisan 500 mb penyebaran suhu hampir merata. Angin yang bertiup pola sirkulasi monsun timur, Serta Aliran udara dari selatan yang berpusat di BBU yang membawa massa udara kering dan stabil yang menyebabkan musim kemarau. Pada bulan Oktober–Maret (musim hujan), peta pola distribusi menunjukan bahwa pada lapisan 850 mb suhu di BBS lebih tinggi dari BBU. Suhu tertinggi ada di kota kupang tetapi kelembapannya rendah, kelembapan tertinggi ada di Banjarmasin. Pada lapisan 700 mb, suhu tertinggi di Makassar dan kelembapan paling tinggi di Banjarmasin sedangkan kelembapan  paling rendah di kota Kupang. Pada lapisan 500 mb, persebaran suhu hampir merata dengan suhu paling tinggi di kota Kupang dan Kelembapan paling tinggi ada di banjarmasin. Angin yang bertiup adalah pola sirkulasi monsun barat. Serta angin utara yang membawa massa udara yang lembab dan tidak stabil yang menyebabkan musim hujan.  Kata kunci: radiosonde; distribusi cuaca; surfer13.   Abstract  [Analysis of the distribution patterns of weather elements in the upper atmosphere in the Kupang city area] The Analysis of the distribution patterns of weather elements in the upper atmosphere using radiosonde data with a range of data for 4 years (2015-2018) from 4 data collection points, namely in Kupang, Banjarmasin, Surabaya, and Makasar which included temperature, humidity and wind data which are then made into a distribution map using the surfer 13 application. The results of the analysis show that in April-September (dry season), the 850 mb layer has a temperature at BBU that is higher than BBS, and the highest humidity is in the area of ​​Banjarmasin and the lowest is in the city of Kupang. In the 700 mb layer the temperature distribution is uneven in various regions. Kupang city has the highest temperature but the lowest humidity. In the 500 mb layer the temperature is spread evenly. Winds that blow the circulation patterns of the east monsoon, as well as air flow from the south which is centered at the BBU which carries a dry and stable air mass that causes the dry season. In October -   March (the rainy season), the distribution pattern map shows that at 850 mb layer the temperature at BBS higher than BBU. The highest temperature is in Kupang city but the humidity is low, the highest humidity is in Banjarmasin. In the 700 mb layer, the highest temperature in Makassar and the highest humidity in Banjarmasin while the lowest humidity in Kupang. In the 500 mb layer, the temperature distribution is almost evenly distributed with the highest temperature in Kupang city and the highest humidity is in Banjarmasin. The wind that blows is the circulation pattern of the western monsoon. As well as northern winds that bring masses of moist and unstable air which causes the rainy season.  Keywords: radiosonde; weather distribution; surfer 13.

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