True truffles (Tuber sp.) that establish ectomycorrhizal symbiosis (ECM) with trees in the Mediterranean and temporal regions have species specific abilities to assimilate soil born elements. Suitable habitats are usually inhabited by few truffle species, while distinguishing their symbiotic potentials appeared very difficult. Two species that commonly inhabit riparian forests in Serbia are the most prized one, Tuber magnatum Pico (Piedmont white truffle) and not so highly valued Tuber brumale Vitt. In order to assess potential differences between their assimilation and accumulation abilities, the differences between contents of elements that may be the subjects of the symbiotic trade between the host plant and fungi were evaluated in accumulation target (ascocarps) and their source (the soil). Essential macro (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, P, S and Zn) and essential trace (Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and Se) elements in truffles and soil samples were determined by means of inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Their concentrations (mg/kg) in ascocarps were in the range from 1.364±0.591 (Cr) to 10760.862±16.058 (K), while in soil ranged from 23.035±0.010 (Cr) to 20809.300±122.934 (Fe). Element accumulation potential (bioaccumulation factor) was calculated in the system truffle/soil. The statistical approaches were used for establishing the differences, while the possible differentiation between symbiotic potentials of two mycelia in the defined soil conditions was discussed. Keywords: Tuber magnatum • Tuber brumale • essential elements • essential trace elements • ICP-OEShaving high ability of absorption, fungi are able to take up from the environment many inorganic substances in a species specific way. [2] Accordingly, different ECM fungi also have different abilities of assimilation and accumulation of soil born elements and water, but this process is, in addition, controlled by host plant demands. Most ECM fungi form highly nutritious above ground (epigeic) sporocarps, aimed to be consumed by different animals for spore dispersal, but some species have specialized in surviving harsh conditions and adapted to forming sporocarps within the soil (hypogeic). In order to attract potential spore dispersing subjects, they usually produce plenty of strong aromatic substances so that animals would be able to detect them. Entry for the Graphical Illustration Twitter TextStudy presents the differences in symbiotic assimilation and accumulation of essential and essential trace elements in Tuber magnatum Pico and Tuber brumale Vitt. cohabitating in a specific ecosystem in Western Serbia.

Twenty-seven maize inbreds (12 commercial and 15 developing lines) from Maize Research Institute breeding program were subjected to microsatelite analysis. The aim was genetic diversity determination, establishing relationships among tested lines and assigning them to heterotic groups according to molecular marker data. Number of alelles detected was 97, with an average of 3.23. Major allele frequency was in a range from 0.33 to 0.82 (average 0.55). The highest value for observed heterozygosity was 10% for several developing lines. Mean values for gene diversity and PIC were 0.56 and 0.48, respectively. Frequency-based distances were calculated using Roger's coefficient and average value of 0.57 indicates high genetic diversity in analyzed maize inbreds. Distance matrices were subjected to cluster analysis and PCA. Multivariate analysis methods showed considerable concurrency with pedigree data. Results of analysis with 30 microsatellite markers could be useful for defining/redefining heterotic groups but should be complemented with field testing data.

Understanding the relations between soil features and plant responses is important for agricultural production and nature conservation. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of the influence of soils? physical and chemical features on the composition of plant species and richness in grasslands studied on the limestone massif in eastern Serbia (Mt. Rtanj). The data set included 22 phytosociological relev?s, the same number of corresponding mixed soil samples (0-10 cm depth) and 8 soil profiles. Two vegetation types were distinguished by numerical classification as Saturejion montanae and Festucion valesiacae. The results of detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) indicated that the most important soil parameters affecting species composition in dry grasslands were humus, the content of calcium, soil exchange capacity and base saturation, in addition to total acidity, pH and soil depth. The communities of both vegetation types are developed on Leptosols and Phaeozems. Under similar physical and chemical conditions of the soil, the grassland vegetation exhibits differences in floristic composition.

Из вод: У раду је дат приказ фолеобионтских, фолеофилних и фолеоксених представника рода Onthophagus у Србији повезаних са јазбинама малих сисара, пре свега глодара. Објашњен је појам фолеофилије код ових малих копрофагних балегара која може бити облигаторна или факултативна. Од 18 врста рода Onthophagus, колико је регистровано за Србију, једна врста је об-лигаторни, две су факултативни фолеофили, а три припадају фолеоксеним врстама. За сваку врсту, поред општег распрострањења, дат је кратак опис са локалитетима у Србији.Кључ не ре чи: Балегари, Onthophagus, јазбине, фолеофилија, Србија.Ab stract: This paper presents an overview of pholeobiont, pholeophile and pholeoxene representatives of the genus Onthophagus in Serbia related to burrows of small mammals, primarily those of rodents. It elaborates on the concept of pholeophily exibited by these small coprophagus dung beetles that can be obligatory or facultative. Out of 18 species of the genus Onthophagus registered in Serbia, one is obligatory pholeophile, two are facultative pholeophiles and three belong to pholeoxene species. For each species, along with its general distribution, a short description is provided as well as sites in Serbia.

<p>The occurrence and availability of microelements in agricultural soils is of great importance for the environment, the quality of food and water, as well as for human health. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has been specified elements such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn as key contaminants. The Geographic Information System (GIS), together with the technologies of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), made possible for the agricultural fields, parcels, not to be seen in their entirety anymore, but now, greater attention can be paid to optimizing the accuracy and reliability of the location for collecting soil samples, which provides reliable data for obtaining soil and special purpose maps. The data about the content of microelements in agricultural soils in the area of Southern Serbia are scarce.</p><p>The aim of this research was to determine the total content of eleven microelements (As, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the agricultural soils of southern Serbia and to create a database using GIS technology with spatial analysis. A total of 150 soil samples at a depth of             0-30 cm were examined. Spatial positioning of soil sampling points was done with a handheld, professional PDA/GNSS Trimble TDC 100 4G (Android 6) device. The database was created in ArcMap 10.1. Concentrations of microelements in the soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).</p><p>The obtained results of analyses showed that in the agricultural soils of southern Serbia (Jablanica and Pčinja District), the content of B and Pb was slightly increased at a depth of 0-30 cm, compared to the maximum allowable concentrations set by the national regulations. Among the studied elements, the lowest total content was measured for Mo and Pb (< 1mg/kg) whereas Mn had the highest total content (> 2000 mg/kg). This can be seen clearly on the special purpose maps provided using GIS technology.</p><p>Keywords: soils, agriculture, microelements, GIS, southern Serbia</p>