NSAID usage and advanced age are risk factors for bleeding GU, whereas H. pylori infection by itself is not. In the presence of NSAIDs and advanced age, an increased risk of bleeding GU with H. pylori is observed, indicating the possibility of an interaction between these factors.

The questionnaires demonstrated good construct reliability, which were highly sensitive and reasonably specific for the detection of GERD. They are useful tools to help primary care physicians in identifying GERD in patients presenting with uninvestigated upper abdominal symptoms.

HighlightsLarge ileal diverticula are extremely rare and bleeding complications can result in high overall mortality.Small bowel diverticulosis though uncommon has to be considered during workup for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.Endoscopic treatment for small bowel diverticular bleeding is an alternative approach that can be considered for high-risk patients.

Metastasis to the esophagus from a distant primary cancer is a rare manifestation in a patient with a history of oncological disease presenting with obstructive upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Computed tomography of the thorax or esophagogastroduodenoscopy can be non-diagnostic as the disease tends to be submucosal. In such a situation, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine needle aspiration (FNA) can be directed to characterize and sample the submucosal esophageal lesion. We present a case series of metastatic esophageal strictures diagnosed with EUS and FNA.

A previously healthy 33 year old lady presented with acute dysphagia with endoscopic and CT features of oesophageal carcinoma. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed a large subcarinal lymph node compressing at the mid-oesophagus. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) showed a single well-formed epithelioid granuloma with no evidence of malignancy. Molecular analysis showed the aspirate to be positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She continues to improve with standard anti-TB medication without surgery.This is a rare case of acute dysphagia secondary to primary tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy. EUS and FNA have completely altered the clinical management of this lady.