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Christopherson S., Clark J. (2007) Power in firm networks: what it means for regional innovation systems, Regional Studies 41, 1223-1236. The role of power within regional firm networks is noted in empirical studies but insufficiently theorized. It is suggested that network functioning is conflictual and that more powerful network members, particularly transnational corporations (TNCs), leverage regional resources to advance their sustainable competitive advantage. The agendas and power exercised by TNCs within regionalized firm networks have significant implications for regional policy and the uneven allocation of resources and capacities within and among regions. The findings indicate that transnational firm access to resources that are critical to innovation, including university research and skilled labour, negatively affects the potential for innovation by small and medium-size firms. Christopherson S. et Clark J. (2007) Le pouvoir au sein des reseaux d'entreprise: son importance pour les systemes d'innovation regionaux, Regional Studies 41, 1223-1236. Le role du pouvoir au sein des reseaux d'entreprise regionaux est note dans les etudes empiriques mais reste insuffisamment etaye dans la theorie. On laisse supposer que le fonctionnement des reseaux est en conflit et que les membres du reseau plus puissants, notamment les societes transnationales, augmentent le ratio d'endettement a partir des ressources regionales afin d'avancer leur avantage competitif durable. Les programmes et le pouvoir exerces par les societes transnationales au sein des reseaux d'entreprise regionalises ont des retombees non-negligeables pour la politique regionale et la distribution irreguliere des ressources et des capacites intraregionales et interregionales. Les resultats laissent indiquer que l'acces des societes transnationales aux ressources qui sont essentielles pour assurer l'innovation, y compris la recherche universitaire et l'emploi qualifie, touche de facon negative le potentiel d'innovation des petites et moyennes entreprises. Regions Innovation Politique Reseaux d'entreprise Developpement economique Marches du travail Christopherson S. und Clark J. (2007) Macht in Firmennetzwerken: Was sie fur regionale Innovationssysteme bedeutet, Regional Studies 41, 1223-1236. Die Rolle der Macht in regionalen Firmennetzwerken wird in empirischen Studien erwahnt, aber nicht ausreichend theorisiert. Wir stellen die These auf, dass Netzwerkfunktionen konfliktgeladen sind und dass machtigere Mitglieder des Netzwerks, insbesondere transnationale Konzerne, regionale Ressourcen zur Steigerung ihres langfristigen Wettbewerbsvorteils nutzen.Die von transnationalen Konzernen innerhalb von regionalisierten Firmennetzwerken ausgeubte Macht und die damit verbundenen Handlungsplane haben signifikante Auswirkungen auf die Regionalpolitik und auf die ungleichmassige Verteilung von Ressourcen und Kapazitaten innerhalb von und zwischen Regionen. Aus unseren Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass ein Zugriff von transnationalen Konzernen auf fur Innovation wich...

Objective To investigate whether oral self-care function mediates the associations between cognitive impairment and caries severity in community-dwelling older adults. Background Cognitive impairment significantly affects activities of daily living and compromises oral health, systemic health and quality of life in older adults. However, the associations among cognitive impairment, oral self-care capacity and caries severity remain unclear. This increases difficulty in developing effective interventions for cognitively impaired patients. Materials and methods Medical, dental, cognitive and functional assessments were abstracted from the dental records of 600 community-dwelling elderly. 230 participants were selected using propensity score matching and categorised into normal, cognitive impairment but no dementia (CIND) and dementia groups based on their cognitive status and a diagnosis of dementia. Multivariable regressions were developed to examine the mediating effect of oral self-care function on the association between cognitive status and number of caries or retained roots. Results Cognitive impairment, oral self-care function and dental caries severity were intercorrelated. Multivariable analysis showed that without adjusting for oral self-care capacity, cognition was significantly associated with the number of caries or retained roots (p = 0.003). However, the association was not significant when oral self-care capacity was adjusted (p = 0.125). In contrast, individuals with impaired oral self-care capacity had a greater risk of having a caries or retained root (RR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.15, 2.44). Conclusion Oral care capacity mediates the association between cognition and dental caries severity in community-dwelling older adults.

Oral health was poor but slightly different in NH residents with different cognitive and functional statuses.

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