This article discusses how practices in the Spanish criminal justice system relate to Organic Law 1/2004 on measures against gender-based violence. We examine the predominant construction of the problem and the secondary victimization1 of women. Data were collected from two sources: participant observation at police victim support units and courts dealing with violence against women,2 and in-depth interviews with abused women and legal and psychosocial professionals. Our analysis has uncovered a lack of institutional resources for detecting psychological violence and negative stereotyping of female victims. We conclude that a gender perspective should be incorporated into criminal justice system practices.
USERS IN PROFESSIONAL INTERVENTIONSThis qualitative study analyses the construction of a subject who uses drugs (injected drugs) so as to offer psychosocial proposals for social healthcare interventions within this collective, and thereby contribute to social healthcare policies that optimise treatment for drug use. The results indicate that identity is connected to positions that are activated in interactions and relationships between users and professionals in various day-to-day contexts of healthcare and treatment. We have labelled these activated positions: therapeutic, drug-sensory, consumerist, legal-repressive and group-community. Understanding them provides clues that may improve interventions in health and legal contexts. These clues include understanding the tensions between the subject and the substance, considering the stigmatised image and identity, and supporting the idea of the existence of dilemmas in users and professionals, as this may allow transformations to occur in the mutual relationships that are established.
El estudio pretende analizar la construcción del sujeto que usa drogas (especialmente heroína) con el objeto de ofrecer propuestas de carácter psicosocial para la intervención sociosanitaria en este colectivo. El método utilizado ha sido la etnografía, y el tipo de análisis es el análisis del discurso. Los resultados indican que la identidad de los/as usuarios/as de heroína está conectada a las posiciones que se activan en las interacciones y relaciones usuarios-profesionales en diferentes contextos cotidianos de atención y tratamiento sanitario. Estas posiciones activadas las hemosdenominado: terapéutica, farmaco-sensorial, consumista, legal-represiva y grupal-comunitaria.A partir de la comprensión de estas posiciones se obtienen claves para la intervención en los contextos penitenciarios como la pertinencia de comprender las tensiones que se establecen entre sujeto y sustancia, de considerar la imagen estigmatizada del usuario de drogas y la de favorecer la existencia de dilemas en los usuarios y profesionales. Abstract The study claims to analyze the construction of the subject who usedrugs (specially heroin) with the aim of providing psychosocial proposals for social health intervention. The used method is ethnography. The type of analysis is “Discourse Analysis”. The results indicate that the identity of heroin’s users is connected with positions activated during the interactions users-professionals in different ordinary contexts. The positions are: therapeutic, drug-sensory, consumerist, legal-repressive and group-community. From the understanding of these positions, it is possible to obtain keys for intervene in the prison’s contexts for instance, the interest of understanding of tensions between users and substance, the interest of considering the stigmatised image of drug’s users, and thepotential of promoting dilemmas in users and professionals.
Resumen AbstractEl análisis retórico de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a diferentes miembros de la comunidad jurídica pone de relieve las estrategias retóricas utilizadas por esta comunidad para la construcción de la credibilidad, objetividad e imparcialidad de la práctica jurídica, al tiempo que se produce el aparente silenciamiento de otros discursos alternativos. En definitiva, en este artículo se analiza el discurso de la Institución Jurídica así como el discurso de otras voces críticas que reinterpretan este discurso legitimador construyendo un nuevo discurso emancipador sobre la Justicia.
Extracts from interviews with various
IntroducciónLa fisura relativista, causa de la crisis en las ciencias sociales, ha supuesto un fuerte cuestionamiento a los principios epistemológicos, ontológicos y metodológicos que han sostenido durante mucho tiempo una determinada forma de producir conocimiento científico.
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