Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) inkjet printing is an efficient technique for printing multiple sensors in a multifaceted area. It can be applied to various fields according to the shape of the printing result and the algorithm employed. In this study, temperature sensors capable of detecting heat sources were fabricated. Inks suitable for EHD inkjet printing were produced, and optimal parameters for printing were determined. Printing was performed using the corresponding parameters, and various printing results were obtained. Furthermore, an experiment was conducted to confirm the temperature measurement characteristics of the results and the tolerance of the sensor. Grid-type sensors were fabricated based on the results, and the sensor characteristics were confirmed in an orthogonal form. Heat was applied to arbitrary positions. Resistance to changes due to heat was measured, and the location at which the heat was generated was detected by varying the change in resistance. Through this study, efficient heat control can be achieved, as the location of the heat source can be identified quickly.

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With the developments in computer-aided engineering, more complex and difficult simulations have become possible, and the demand for fluid/structure interaction (FSI) analysis has been increasing. Various approximation methods have been developed for pressure/load data mapping for FSI analysis. However, for most existing mapping algorithms, the sum of force/moment, which is one of the most important physical properties to be conserved, is not generally conserved. In this paper, we propose a new pressure mapping technique that is intuitive and easy to implement while algorithmically preserving force/moment for interfaces with complex and simple shapes. This technique distributes the pressure of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) boundary mesh as concentrated loads to the nodes of the nearest structural element. The load distribution from each CFD cell is assumed to satisfy a plane equation, and the mapping loads are obtained by solving the equations to determine the coefficients of the plane equation. Furthermore, an algorithm to search for neighboring structural nodes for load mapping has been developed for various situations. To verify the proposed method, a simple plate model, pipe model with internal flow, and full-scale aircraft model were used. The results of the validation examples showed reliable load distributions and structural deformations with force/moment conservation.