Throughout the world, mathematics plays a vital role for the educational and developmental aspirations of any country. The quest to teach mathematical knowledge in a viable and effective way so as to induce creativity and applicability among learners is an ongoing challenge, especially for developing countries. A better understanding of how students learn mathematics coupled with effective application of mathematical e-learning can enhance meaningful learning of mathematics and make the subject more exciting. In this note, we introduce a mathematical e-learning model suitable for the modern digital era based on the learning theories of social constructivism, social realism, and connectivity. We then discuss the feasibility of implementing the model on an open source e-learning platform. Our findings reveal that the platform offers a developer’s tool for coding and customizing templates to attain higher levels of usage and interactivity in which learners can create and control learning objects while they observe the results.

This paper analyses student views on an e-learning intervention that incorporated a content development tool and computer algebra systems, aimed at improving performance and applicability of mathematics knowledge. The study deliberately relied on open source tools, with high usability both online and offline, that can be customized to address the peculiarities of mathematics instruction in developing countries. Repeated ANOVA and logistic regression were among the statistical methods used to analyze the data. Key findings showed that usability and detailed feedback were the qualities of computer algebra system that were most desired by students. Content quality, problem solving abilities and internet availability were key factors for mathematical e-learning satisfaction. The research showed that the use of an interactive content development tool and computer algebra systems can help the teachers to be more innovative and adopt project-based examination formats that encourage knowledge applicability. The e-learning tools helped the students to self-regulate and discover their own knowledge, which increased their chances of handling application type problems. Among others, the study recommended set up of mathematical e-laboratories which can be accessed by students for at least 3 days per week.

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In this paper, we propose a fuzzy diagnostic method based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. For this purpose, we developed an interval-valued interview chart with interval fuzzy degree assigned to the relation among symptoms and diseases, and utilized the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy weighted arithmetic average operator to aggregate fuzzy information from the symptoms. In addition, we suggest a diagnosis measure using the occurrence proportion of patient's symptoms. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.

Background:The trends and patterns of the mortality rates for causes of death are meaningful information. They can provide a basis for national demographic and health care policies by identifying the number, causes, and geographical distribution of deaths.Objective:To explore and analyze the characteristics of the mortality rates for major causes of death in Korea.Methods:Some common data analysis methods were used to describe the data. We also used some visualization techniques such as heat maps and line plots to present mortality rates by gender, age, and year.Results:Our analysis shows the crude mortality rates have continually decreased over the last 25 years from 1983, though they have increased slightly since 2006. In addition, the top eight causes of death accounted for 80% of all Korean deaths in 2015. During the period 2005-2015, the leading cause of death was cancer in male and circulatory diseases in female. The trend for respiratory diseases shows a steep upward trend in males, while a similar trend can be observed for respiratory and nervous system diseases in females.Conclusion:The deaths for circulatory, respiratory, nervous system, digestive, and infectious diseases are the highest in the age 80 to 84, while cancer is the leading cause of death for ages 75 to 79. In addition, the mortality rates for circulatory, nervous, and respiratory diseases increase rapidly after the age of 80. Therefore, policies on health and welfare for the elderly are getting more and more important.