The paper presents the transformations of species composition in the main plant communities of the Karkonosze Mts. subalpine and alpine belts during the last 35 years. The investigations of floristic changes were performed in associations: Carici (rigidae)-Nardetum, Carici-Festucetum supinae, Crepidi-Calamagrostietum villose and Empetro-Vaccinietum. Signalized are also some vegetation transformations in the remaining belts. The progressing floristic degradation of plant communities in the subalpine and alpine belts consists in: (a) expansion of grasses, (b) decline of rare vascular plants, and (c) elimination of terricolous bryophytes and lichens. In spruce forest belts declining are species connected with old-growth spruce forests like: Listera cordata and Moneses uniflora. The changes of plant communities of low mountain swards (Nardetalia) caused by cessation of pasture and mowing in the cause of retreat of many rare plants, like e.g., Arnica montana. The main cause of the still lasting in the Karkonosze Mts. community transformations is the changes in soil environment connected with anthropogenic nitrogen fertilization. The large inflow of mineral nitrogen from the atmosphere (1138 mg/m² sum for vegetation season) is the reason of accelerated rate of decomposition of organic matter and intensified nitrification. The high content of nitrates in soil (5 times higher than in the Tatra Mts. swards) is the reason of expansion of graminoids, mainly Deschampsia flexuosa, Calamagrostis villosa and Carex bigelowii subsp. rigida. The overfertilisation of habitats causes the retreat of rare high mountain vascular plants and the decline of terricolous bryophytes and lichens

The authors present a list of regionally extinct, threatened, lower risk and insufficiently status taxa of lichens in whole Poland. It is thirth edition of our list. Status of threat to the lichen species used has been determined according to the IUCN Red List Categories in version 3.1 (modified by GlNSBURG 2001). The Red List includes 886 taxa, which constitute 55.4% of the Polish lichen biota. The status of threatened biota has the following categories: Regionally Extinct (RE) - 141 taxa, Critically Endangered (CR) - 179, Endangered (EN) - 201, Vulnerable (VU) - 165, Near Threatened (NT) - 68, Least Concern (LC) - 22 and Data Deficient (DD) 110.

A preliminary red list of threatened lichens of Lower Silesia (SW Poland) is presented. Species have been valuated according to the Red Data Book Categories (IUCN). The list comprises 602 taxa (ca. 60% of the whole lichen flora of Lower Silesia). 52 species are considered as rare (category R), 84 as vulnerable (V), and 63 species as endangered (E). The Silesian lichen flora is characterized by great numbers of taxa with extinct (Ex 140 taxa), and indeterminate (I 263 taxa) categories.

The paper presents the ecological indicator values for 360 lichen species noted in Poland. For the given species estimated were the climatic indicators (light, temperature, moisture) and the edaphic ones (trophicity, habitat acidity). The estimate is based mainly on field studies and Polish lichenological literature. Presented are also the dynamics tendencies, i.e expansion or dieback of the analyzed species. According to papers by Polish authors, concerning various groups of plants, used were five degrees' scales of the analysed indices

The authors describe the locality of a so far in Poland unknown species Coleanthus subtilis. It was discovered on the Olenica Plateau near Wroc³aw. This grass occurs on a surface of ca. 15 ha, round muddy shores of fishponds. The large stand makes the impression to be at least 50-year old. Together with the grass of our interest there grow also other, not frequent to day, species like Veronica peregrina, Myosurus minimus and Limosella aquatica. The traditional management of fishponds makes the basis of maintenance of all the species and the whole community. The constant filling with water of the reservoirs and application of fertilisers threatens the existence of the whole rare and interesting ecosystem.