ResumoO Centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro revela importantes monumentos históricos construídos durante o período colonial em rochas ornamentais, principalmente utilizando blocos de gnaisse facoidal e de leptinito, que são rochas metamórficas características do Estado. Um exemplo desse tipo de construção é o Mosteiro de São Bento, cujas fachadas são compostas por estas rochas, que se encontram em processos de degradação. A deterioração pode ser decorrente da influência de diversos agentes de intemperismo, como a salinidade, poluição atmosférica e alta umidade, fatores resultantes da localização deste imóvel, na zona portuária do Rio. Atualmente o Mosteiro está passando por uma restauração interna e externa, com o intuito de preservar este importante patrimônio. O presente trabalho aborda a fachada lateral direita e apresenta discussões sobre os processos de intemperismo e as alterações encontradas nos materiais rochosos. Por meio da caracterização química (FRX) foi observada uma alta concentração de enxofre, e através da avaliação mineralógica (DRX) foi constatado o aparecimento da gipsita. Sendo assim, tais resultados apontam um processo de alteração da rocha.Palavras Chave: Mosteiro de São Bento, degradação, intemperismoAbstractEVALUATION AND ALTERABILITY OF RIGHT LATERAL ROCK FACADE FROM SÃO BENTO MONASTERY. The Center of Rio de Janeiro reveals important historical monuments built with ornamental stones during the colonial period. The mainly stones used on their architectural structure were the facoidal gneiss and leptinite, both are metamorphic types and belong to the local geologic context of the city’s landscape. A good exemple of the use of those stones on ancient building is visible on Monastery of St. Benedict, which facades are composed by leptinite and facoidal gneiss. Due to many factors and the time of exposure a lot of degradation process occurs on those stones leading to their decay. The decay of those stones may have a strong influence of various chemical and physical weathering agents, such as salinity, air pollution and high moisture. Those factors can result from for example, the city’s tropical climate and the location of this property nearby the port area in downtown of Rio de Janeiro. Today, the monastery is undergoing an internal and external restoration and in order to better understand the weathering processes and changes found on its stones materi.als, this work focus on the study of the right facade and presents some discussions about the results that were found through the chemical compounds (XRF), such as high sulfur concentration and mineralogical evaluation (XRD) which had showed the presence of gypsum. These technical results associated to the weather and the surroundings of this monument indicates the process of alteration in the stonesKeywords: Monastery of S Bento, alterability of dimension stone, conservation
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