Objective To determine whether an explained-variance genetic risk score (GRS), with 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), is also associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and with the progression to pre-diabetes and T2D among women with prior GDM.Design A cohort study.Setting Clinical investigation unit of Laval University, Quebec, Canada. Methods Associations between the GRS and GDM.Main outcomes measures GDM and prevalence of pre-diabetes and T2D.Results Women with prior GDM had a higher GRS compared with controls (38.6 AE 3.9, 95% CI 38.1-39.1, versus 37.4 AE 3.2, 95% CI 36.7-38.1; P < 0.0001). In women with prior GDM, the explained-variance GRS was higher for pre-diabetic women compared with women who remained normoglucotolerant at testing (1.21 AE 0.18, 95% CI 1.18-1.23, versus 1.17 AE 0.15, 95% CI 1.13-1.20; P < 0.0001). Similarly, women with T2D had a higher explained-variance GRS compared with women with prior GDM who remained normoglucotolerant (1.20 AE 0.18, 95% CI 1.14-1.25, versus 1.17 AE 0.17, 95% CI 1.13-1.20; P < 0.0001). The predictive effects of the explained-variance GRS, age, and body mass index (BMI), or the additive effects of the three variables, were tested for pre-diabetes and T2D. We observed an area under the curve of 0.6269 (95% CI 0.5638-0.6901) for age and BMI, and adding the explained-variance GRS into the model increased the area to 0.6672 (95% CI 0.6064-0.7281) for the prediction of pre-diabetes.Conclusions An explained-variance GRS is associated with both GDM and progression to pre-diabetes and T2D in women with prior GDM.

These analyses suggest that in the years after delivery, longer time spent in MVPA practice is associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk only in women with prior GDM who do not have abdominal obesity.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on glucose and insulin homeostasis according to weight status. Methods: The analysis included 299 women, 216 with [GDM(1)] and 83 without prior GDM [GDM(2)]. The mean time between pregnancy and testing was 3.9 years. Glucose values were obtained from a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray. Results: In women with normal BMI, fasting glucose, 2-h post-OGTT glucose, and HbA 1 were higher for GDM(1) (P < 0.05). Normal-weight women with GDM(1) presented lower HOMA-IS, insulin secretion, and insulinogenic index (P < 0.05) compared to GDM(2). Body fat and android fat mass were higher, gynoid fat mass was similar, and lean body mass was decreased in GDM(1) vs. GDM(2) with normal weight (P < 0.05). A greater proportion of GDM (1) with overweight/obesity had prediabetes (72.1%) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) (21.7%) vs. GDM(2) and overweight/obesity (17.1 and 2.4%) or GDM(1) and normal weight (60.5 and 14.0%). Conclusions: A combination of GDM and overweight/obesity is associated with T2D-related metabolic deteriorations. Nevertheless, normal-weight women with GDM(1) had increased android fat and greater metabolic complications, suggesting that women with prior GDM should benefit from lifestyle intervention, regardless of their weight status.

No abstract

No abstract