Polydopamine has acquired great relevance in the field of nanomedicine due to its physicochemical properties. Previously, it has been reported that nanoparticles synthetized from this polymer are able to decrease the viability of breast and colon tumor cells. In addition, it is well known that the size of therapeutic particles plays an essential role in their effect. As a consequence, the influence of this parameter on the cytotoxicity of polydopamine nanoparticles was studied in this work. For this purpose, polydopamine nanoparticles with three different diameters (115, 200 and 420 nm) were synthetized and characterized. Their effect on the viability of distinct sorts of human carcinomas (breast, colon, liver and lung) and stromal cells was investigated, as well as the possible mechanisms that could be responsible for such cytotoxicity. Moreover, polydopamine nanoparticles were also loaded with doxorubicin and the therapeutic action of the resulting nanosystem was analyzed. As a result, it was demonstrated that a smaller nanoparticle size is related to a more enhanced antiproliferative activity, which may be a consequence of polydopamine’s affinity for iron ions. Smaller nanoparticles would be able to adsorb more lysosomal Fe3+ and, when they are loaded with doxorubicin, a synergistic effect can be achieved.

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El marketing 2.0 es lo mejor que le ha pasado a la mercadotecnia. Sin embargo, las posibilidades que presenta son tan amplias como los riesgos. ¿Qué tipo de estrategias hay? ¿Cómo se mide su éxito? Usando como ejemplo las elecciones presidenciales de México en 2012, la presente investigación hace un análisis profundo de la naturaleza del marketing 2.0, sus orígenes, desarrollo, actualidad, tipo de métricas y alcance, así como sus mitos y falsedades, todo, con el propósito de comprender correctamente a esta nueva aventura que emprende el marketing y cómo manejarlo correctamente.

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