No abstract

Equivalent electrical conductivity (Λ) is reported for three series of cationic quaternary ammonium polyacrylamide derivatives with $\hbox{MeSO}_{4}ˆ{‐}$, Cl−, Br− and I− as counterions at 25 °C, the polyion equivalent concentration C ranging from 5.3 × 10−4 to 6.4 × 10−3 N and from 1.0 × 10−3 to 1.4 × 10−2 N. Equivalent electrical conductivity increases with decreasing polyion equivalent concentration, and the sequence of equivalent electrical conductivity Λ of polyelectrolytes for the same series with different counterions in the range of concentration investigated is: $\hbox{MeSO}_{4}ˆ{‐} > \hbox{Cl}ˆ{‐} > \hbox{Br}ˆ{‐} > \hbox{I}ˆ{‐}$. The plots of the counterion–polyion interaction parameter f and degree of dissociation α of polyelectrolyte versus the polyion equivalent concentration C show that the order of counterion associating or binding to polyions for the same polyelectrolyte series in the range of concentration studied is $\hbox{MeSO}_{4}ˆ{‐} < \hbox{Cl}ˆ{‐} < \hbox{Br}ˆ{‐} < \hbox{I}ˆ{‐}$. The chemical structures of the polyion have much influence on the Λ, f and α values of the polyelectrolytes. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry

A hyamine based on N,N-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride-acrylamide copolymer was successfully synthesized in this study. Solution properties of this hyamine including electrical conductivity and viscosity behavior were studied in detail, and effects of temperature and counter ion concentration on electrical conductivity of the solution were also discussed. It was found that a solution of hyamine in water showed a typical viscosity behavior of polyelectrolytes, which followed the Fuoss equation. With the increase of ion radius (cationic ion or anionic ion), or with the increase of salt concentration, the shrinkage degree of the polymer chain increased, with a concomitant decrease in reduced viscosity and intrinsic viscosity and an increase of Huggins constant. © 203 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: [765][766][767][768][769][770][771] 203

Silicon and titanate coupling agents are used to process the surface of ammonium nitrate (AN) particles in order to decrease their surface tension, improve affinity to the adhesive and the adhesive strength of the surface, and improve the mechanical property of an AN/polyurethane (PU) energy composite. SEM and ESCA analyses verify the effect of coupling agents on the mechanical property of the AN/PU energy composite.

Silicon and titanate coupling agents are used to process the surface of ammonium nitrate (AN) particles in order to decrease their surface tension, improve affinity to the adhesive and the adhesive strength of the surface, and improve the mechanical property of an AN/polyurethane (PU) energy composite. SEM and ESCA analyses verify the effect of coupling agents on the mechanical property of the AN/PU energy composite.