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In this study, in order to find novel biologically active penta-1,4-dien-3-one derivatives, a series of penta-1,4-dien-3-one compounds containing a substituted pyrazole subunit were designed and synthesized. Their structures were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassays displayed that most of the title compounds showed significant antiproliferative activity against HepG2 cell lines. Especially, compounds 7a–m, o, r, s, u, w, y and z were active against HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 0.10–5.05 μM, which were superior to that of the contrast sorafenib (IC50 = 16.20 μM).

Purpose This study was conducted to estimate the indirect cost of locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without sensitizing EGFR and ALK alterations in China and explore the predictors from both patient and caregiver perspectives. Methods Data were obtained from a nationwide cross-sectional study for the patients with advanced NSCLC (stage IIIB–IV) and their caregivers. Indirect medical cost was estimated as health productivity loss based on self-reported income and loss of work time. The generalized linear model was used to assess the independent associations between statistically significant variables and indirect economic burden. Results 611 pairs of patients and patient caregivers from 13 medical centers in five provinces in China participated in this investigation. The indirect medical cost associated with advanced NSCLC since the patient diagnosed was $1413 per capita in China. General linear regression results showed that the indirect medical cost was significantly influenced by duration of disease since diagnosis, treatment options, caregivers’ occupation and age (P < 0.05). Conclusion The indirect economic burden linked to advanced NSCLC in China is considerable on patients, and their caregivers. To minimize the severe challenges of indirect economic burden related to advanced NSCLC, expanding the coverage of the medical insurance and assistance system to reimburse part of the indirect costs related to cancer, as well as strengthening the accessibility for more effective therapies to improve the prognosis of advanced NSCLC, and further promote the patients and their caregivers to return to work or normal life may be the potentially feasible approaches.