No abstract

With the increasing research efforts in civil supersonic transport (SST) during the past decade, companies like Boom and Aerion are making the comeback of civil supersonic flight more promising than ever. Both companies believe that substantial demand exists in civil supersonic aviation, and opportunities are present. However, many regulatory hurdles and operational constraints impose strict limitations on supersonic flight and should not be overlooked. In addition, these aircraft are likely to have higher fuel burn per passenger compared to that for similarly-sized subsonic aircraft, and their effect on fleet-level emissions is unknown. In Part I of this two-part study, the research team successfully demonstrated a methodology that employs a bottom-up approach for estimating the future demand for supersonic commercial operation and its associated fuel burn and CO 2 emission, using only publicly available subsonic baseline-fleet data. This paper seeks to fill the gaps and assumptions identified in the Part I paper by using robust, non-public data, and provides updated results on market estimation and environmental impact (in terms of both CO 2 and NO x ) between 2035 and 2050.

In the process of large-scale online education during the COVID-19 pandemic, students’ online learning has caused widespread public concerns. This study investigated the relationships between Chinese rural and urban primary school students’ information communications technology (ICT) literacy, student resilience, and online learning self-efficacy in a large-scale online education environment during the pandemic in China. We compared 5,037 primary school students in rural areas to 5,045 primary school students in urban areas with matching gender and grade in nine regions in China’s Guangdong province, using a survey comprising an ICT literacy scale, a student resilience scale, an online learning self-efficacy scale, and an ICT devices scale. The ICT literacy, resilience and online learning self-efficacy of primary school students in rural areas were significantly lower than those in urban areas (p < 0.01). The primary school students’ ICT literacy was significantly associated with student resilience and online learning self-efficacy. Student resilience played a mediating role between ICT literacy and online learning self-efficacy, while the rural/urban area factor moderated the relationship between ICT literacy and student resilience. These findings suggest that ICT literacy is more scarce and important for primary school students in rural areas of China than for those in urban areas. Improving ICT literacy among primary school students can enhance students’ resilience and thus improve their online learning self-efficacy, especially in rural areas.

No abstract

No abstract