ABSTRACT:The preparation of an antimicrobial nylon material and its properties are discussed. Biocidal cyclic N-chloramine moieties were covalently bonded to Nylon 66. These moieties, which included hydantoins, oxazolidinones, and imidazolidinones, were stable during at least 3 months of dry storage, and their antimicrobial activities, once lost by reaction with reducing sodium thiosulfate, could be regenerated by exposure to free chlorine. Biocidal swatch tests showed that the nylon fabrics containing N-chlorinated hydantoin functional groups provided a 7.2 log reduction of Staphylococcus aureus and a 7.1 log reduction of Escherichia coli at a contact time of only 10 min. Antimicrobial nylon should find a variety of important uses such as in clothing, carpets, sutures, brushes, and so forth.

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Polyester fabrics were modified by covalently linking heterocyclic moieties, which could be halogenated, to the surfaces of the polyester fibers. Antimicrobial activity was introduced into the fabrics and fibers by exposure to a source of oxidative chlorine (chlorine bleach) that converted the heterocyclic precursor moieties into Nchloramine functionalities. The antimicrobial activity could be repeatedly regenerated following its loss on challenge with suspensions of bacteria by further washing with aqueous oxidative chlorine. Biocidal polyester fabrics, fibers, and other materials potentially will be effective in reducing, or eliminating entirely, pathogenic microorganisms and odor-causing micro-organisms which directly contact them.

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A series of π-conjugated chelating polymers with charged iridium (Ir) complex units based on 1,10-phenanthroline in the backbones were synthesized by Suzuki polycondensation, and homogeneous polymeric phosphorescent materials were obtained. 3,8-Dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline served as an N ∧ N ligand to form a charged Ir complex monomer with 1-(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2-yl)isoquinoline (Fiq) as the cyclometalated ligands. Chemical and photophysical characterization confirmed that the Ir complex was incorporated into the backbones as one of the repeat units. Chelating polymers showed efficient energy transfer from the host to the guest in the solid state, and almost complete energy transfer was realized when the feed ratio of the Ir complex monomer was 4 mol %. All chelating polymers displayed good thermal stability, redox reversibility, and film-forming properties. Polymer light-emitting diodes using chelating polymer without carbazole units (phen-PFOIr2) and chelating polymer with carbazole units (phen-PFOCzIr2) as the light-emitting layers were fabricated, and saturated-red electrophosphorescence was achieved.