There has been a strong consensus among previous researchers that first language interferes with second language acquisition. A limited number of studies have been conducted to examine this interference in writing Chinese. Chinese writing exercises for primary school students of the Yi ethnic group in rural areas tend to encourage students to incorporate their native language habits into Chinese writing practices. This enables students to apply modern Chinese word order to the Yi language paradigm. Consequently, they are prone to grammatical errors, word order errors, and collocation errors in their compositions. This study focuses on elementary school students' writing abilities in order to alleviate their fears associated with Chinese writing. It also assists them in grasping the second language writing paradigm, and enjoying writing. In addition, by analyzing the composition errors of the students in the corpus, we propose some practical recommendations from three perspectives: educators, students, and institutions. These recommendations will enhance language and writing education within ethnic communities through theoretical and practical strategies.

Quality education can only be achieved with the assistance of experienced and qualified teachers. In order to ensure quality education in disadvantaged areas in China, it is necessary to keep experienced teachers in rural areas. This paper investigates factors that could influence rural teachers’ decision to stay or not on teaching at the expiry of their service contract. As a part of project, “Research on rural Teacher Training Mode in Minority Areas of Hubei Province in post-poverty Era “data from 1193 rural teachers who had qualified from a government teacher training programme from selected villages under the jurisdiction of the Enshi Prefecture, Hubei province was collected. As part of the survey, a number of factors are examined that influence a teacher's willingness to stay or leave, as well as remedial measures that are deemed necessary to prevent teachers from leaving. For the analysis of the data, SPSS 25 and AMOS 24 were used. The study found that the teachers have a high willingness to stay on the job after the contract expires. Among the factors contributing to their willingness are the local cultural environment, the local infrastructure attachment to the area, and the school's working environment. Wage income, professional identity, professional development, and school working conditions also play an important role as maintenance factors. There is a direct relationship between the rural infrastructure and a person's willingness to continue working after the expiration of a contract, and there is also direct relationship between the local attachment and the cultural atmosphere of the local community. Local attachment is the dominant factor, the local infrastructure is a secondary improvement area, and salary, promotion of opportunities, respect for teachers and education are in the priority improvement area. Finally, the paper proposes that the retention of rural teachers should be based on the cultivation of local attachment, rural revitalization, improvement of health factors and construction of “UGSR–P” cultivation of community.

Mancala games, a diverse category of traditional board games played across cultures worldwide, bear resemblances to chess in their significance to human evolution and cultural progress. Drawing from anthropological investigations, this research uncovers the adaptability of mancala games to farming, marine, and nomadic cultures, tracing their origins to ancient Egypt and their subsequent spread among diverse civilizations in Africa, Malaysia, and China. This study highlights the extensive contributions of mancala games across various educational domains, encompassing moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetic education, all of which foster comprehensive human development. By examining the cultural, historical, and educational dimensions of mancala games, this research unveils their profound impact on human societies throughout history, shedding light on their enduring significance. Mancala games emerge as powerful tools for promoting moral reasoning, critical thinking abilities, strategic planning skills, physical coordination, and cultural understanding. They embody cultural traditions, transmit ancestral knowledge, and foster social cohesion. Through their entertainment value and ability to shape and enrich human experiences, mancala games weave a cultural tapestry that intertwines with human societies, both past and present.