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In this study, the mass transfer and reaction kinetics of soybean oil epoxidation using concentrated hydrogen peroxide in a formic acidautocatalyzed reaction system were studied in detail. Studying the mass transfer of formic acid showed that the influence of reactant diffusion near the interface is eliminated when the stirring rate is > 120 rpm in a double-stirred cell, and the mass transfer rate decreases greatly with the conversion of double bonds and a decrease of reaction temperature. A temperature increase has little impact on the equilibrium of formic acid in the oil/water system, while an increase of epoxidized soybean oil significantly increases the value of the partition coefficient of formic acid. Another important aspect in the kinetic study is the decomposition of performic acid, which can cause the reduction of H 2 O 2 and formic acid during the reaction. Finally, a biphasic model, which considers all reactions in oil and aqueous phases, the equilibrium and mass transfer of reagents and products between the phases, and the evolution of proton concentrations with time, was developed to describe the epoxidation process.

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were measured for three ternary systems containing ionic liquids (ILs): water + 2-propanol + 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([emim][BF 4 ]), water + 1-propanol + [emim][BF 4 ], and water + 1-propanol + 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF 4 ]). The measurements were performed at P ) 100 kPa and at several constant IL mass fractions. Activity coefficients of the volatile components were obtained without the need of a thermodynamic model of the liquid phase. The effect of the ILs on the relative volatility of the volatile components was depicted separately by their effect on the activity coefficients. Results of the activity coefficients showed that [emim] + has a stronger interaction with water than [bmim] + ; however, it has a weaker interaction with 1-propanol or 2-propanol. Boiling temperature data were also measured at 100 kPa for the six binary systems containing ILs. Ternary VLE data were also calculated from binary NRTL parameters, which were obtained from correlations of the binary boiling temperature data.