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In this paper, X-ray diffraction, selective area electron diffraction, and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to study the twins at different positions and textures in different direction in CVDZnS. It was found that the CVDZnS twin showed streaks under TEM. The narrower the streaks, the higher the content of twins, and the content of twins in CVDZnS normal layer was higher than that in bright layer. There are textures in CVDZnS, and the main texture of P surface (perpendicular to the direction of growth) is different from S surface (parallel to the growth direction of surface). The main texture in P is {010} 〈001〉, and the S is {101} 〈 131〉.

Since the metal additive manufacturing technology has some problems, such as high printing cost, low efficiency and high porosity, a method of fused deposition modeling (FDM) and metal additive manufacturing combined was proposed. In this study, a FDM 3D printer suitable for low melting alloy was designed based on the physical characteristics of low-melting alloy. Firstly, a set of overall structure design scheme was proposed. Secondly, the extrusion structure of key parts of FDM printer was designed. Then, the virtual assembly of the designed parts was carried out and the prototype was made. Finally, the frame was analyzed by finite element simulation method. The results show that the frame meets the needs of strength and stiffness.

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We propose a four-layer WO3/Ag/PEI/CuSCN laminated transparent electrode with a PEI (polyethyleneimine) seed layer. The optical properties of the WO3/Ag/CuSCN electrode were simulated by a transfer matrix theory. Its optimal structure was WO3 (35 nm)/ Ag (9 nm)/CuSCN (47 nm), and the optical transmittance reached 92.7% at a wavelength of 550 nm. The transmittance decreased with the increase of the Ag thickness (> 9 nm). The WO3/Ag/PEI/CuSCN laminated electrode was prepared by a solution method and a vacuum evaporation technique. The quality of an ultra-thin Ag film can be improved via the PEI seed layer in this electrode so that the ultra-thin Ag film has formed a uniform and continuous film at a thickness of 9 nm. The flexible electrode WO3 (35 nm)/Ag (9 nm)/PEI/CuSCN (47 nm) shows a sheet resistance of 10.2 Ω/sq, an optical transmittance of 90% and a surface root mean square roughness of 4.4 nm. The resistance of the electrode remained stable after 1000 times of bending test at a radius of 1 mm, and it has a good mechanical property.