Objective: Recent studies demonstrated that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) contribute to the metastasis of prostate cancer. Survivin knockout could inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppress several metastatic tumors. In this study, we examined the potential involvement of survivin in EMT in CTCs. Methods: CTCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of 100 patients with prostate cancer as EpCAM þ /CD45 À cells via FACS sorting and identified by immunofluorescence staining of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). CTCs and DU145 cells were transfected with survivin siRNA. Then, the levels of survivin, E-cadherin, and vimentin in CTCs and DU145 cells were detected via immunofluorescence staining, and the invasiveness of CTCs and DU145 cells was examined using a Transwell chamber. Results: The results revealed the abundant expression of PSA in the cytoplasm of CTCs. Transfection of survivin siRNA significantly decreased the levels of survivin and vimentin in CTCs and DU145, whereas that of E-cadherin was significantly increased, suggesting survivin plays an important role in EMT of CTCs. In addition, survivin siRNA significantly inhibited the invasiveness of CTCs and DU145 cells. Conclusions: Survivin plays an important role in EMT of CTCs in prostate cancer, which might mediate the metastasis and invasion of prostate cancer.

No abstract

Melamine has been the main factor leading to infant urinary calculi occurring on a rather wide scale in China in 2008, which were the results of a rapid aggradation of metabolites such as cyanuric acid diamide, cyanuric acid, etc., causing uric acid stone to accumulate. Here, we present a report on 24 infants who were admitted to our department, their ages ranging from 3 to 10 months. All of these infants had a confirmed history of having been fed with the "Sanlu" brand milk powder, which contained excessive levels of melamine, with the highest being 2,563 mg/kg. The diagnosis, medical treatment and follow-up by ultrasonography at 1, 3, 6, 12 months were reported. 22 cases of these infants were rehabilitated after medical treatment and 1 infant underwent pyelolithotomy for relieving an obvious ureter obstruction. No recurrence was found in these babies thereafter. Another infant died from rapidly worsening renal failure. Therefore, this series of cases have demonstrated that melamine contained in the "Sanlu" milk powder was the main cause of these urinary stones. Urine alkalinization and stone liberalization were the most effective treatments. Fast diagnosis and treatment of acute obstructive urolithiasis may prevent the development of acute renal failure, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates.

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is a distinctive soft tissue tumor with a high risk of local recurrence. Clinicians must be aware of this rare tumor pre-operatively. Excision is the preferred method of AA treatment. The case report presents a case of a 36-year-old woman who was difficulty in walking due to a non-painful tumor in the abdomen and perineum. She was misdiagnosed as abdomen neurofibroma for more than 10 years, and an operation was performed in 1997. However, the tumor was incompletely resected because its huge volume accompanies with extensive infiltration and bleeding. The tumors in her abdomen and perineum were growing gradually, and the latter became a large lump which impeded her daily life. In 2008, the perineal tumor was incompletely resected, which weighed 10725 g. The severe hemorrhage had been ceased by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone treatment. She is alive till now. Details of the history and operative procedures are presented. An AA diagnosis was made by microscopy immunohistochemically. Long-time misdiagnosis and improper treatment are the important reasons for making it impossible to be radically resected. Pathological and immunohistochemical examination are important for avoiding misdiagnosis.For this case, there is a remaining tumor in her abdomen. A special project including further follow-up and treatment will be taken out.

ml; ES: pre 4.2ng/ml and 3.6ng/ml, 2.9ng/ml, 2.8ng/ml, 2.2ng/ml; EC: pre 3.4ng/ml and 2.9ng/ml, 2.5ng/ml, 2.8ng/ml, 2.7ng/ml; Control: pre 4.1ng/ ml and 3.8ng/ml, 3.1ng/ml, 3.3ng/ml, 2.7ng/ml). The mean decrease ratio of the AMH levels 2 days post laparoscopy were significantly different be-