Among
various desalination technologies, capacitive deionization
(CDI) has rapidly developed because of its low energy consumption
and environmental compatibility, among other factors. Traditional
CDI stores ions within the electric double layers (EDLs) in the nanopores
of the carbon electrode, but carbon anode oxidation, the co-ion expulsion
effect, and a low salt adsorption capacity (SAC) block its further
application. Herein, the Faradaic-based electrode is proposed to overcome
the above limitations, offering an ultrahigh adsorption capacity and
a rapid removal rate. In this paper, the open framework structure
Na3V2(PO4)3@C is applied
for the first time as a novel Faradaic electrode in the hybrid capacitive
deionization (HCDI) system. During the adsorption and desorption process,
sodium ions are intercalated/deintercalated through the crystal structure
of Na3V2(PO4)3@C while
chloride ions are physically trapped or released by the AC electrode.
Different concentrations of feedwater are investigated, and a high
SAC of 137.20 mg NaCl g–1 NVP@C and low energy consumption
of 2.157 kg-NaCl kWh–1 are observed at a constant
voltage of 1.0 V, a concentration of 100 mM, and a flow rate of 15
mL min–1. The outstanding performance of the Na3V2(PO4)3@C Faradaic electrode
demonstrates that it is a promising material for desalination and
that HCDI offers great future potential.
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