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Litter decomposition and ecological stoichiometry of nutrient release is an important part of material cycling and energy flow in forest ecosystems. In a study of the ecological stoichiometry and nutrient release during litter decomposition in a pine-oak forest ecosystem of the Grain to Green Program (GTGP) area of northern China, a typical pine and oak species (PDS: Pinus densiflora Sieb., QAC: Quercus acutissima Carr.) were selected in the Taiyi Mountain study area. The ecological stoichiometry characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and litter decomposition dynamics were studied by field sampling and quantitative analyses. The results showed the following. (1) The decomposition dynamics of both litters was slow-fast-slow. The most important climatic factor affecting the litter decomposition rate from May to October was precipitation and temperature from November to April of the following year. (2) Throughout the 300-day study, in both litters, C of the two litters was released, N first accumulated and was then released, and P exhibited a release-accumulate-release pattern. (3) C:P was significantly higher than C:N and N:P (p \ 0.05); the C:N of PSD litter was higher than that of QAC (p \ 0.05), but the N:P of QAC litter was higher than that of PSD litter (p \ 0.05). The C:N of both litters was very high in the study area, indicating that the nutrient release ability during litter decomposition in the two typical pine-oak forest ecosystems was relatively weak; therefore, more attention should be paid to nitrogen-fixing species and mixed forests in the GTGP area of northern China.