Currently, serious challenges to drinking water security remain. Toxic chemicals and opportunistic pathogens can trigger a grave health risks even in areas where the water supply system is relatively ideal. Antibacterial functionalization of water treatment technologies is introduced on the basis of the safety evaluation of microorganisms and chemicals. For water purification materials themselves, the introduction of an antibacterial function effectively ensures that they are prevented from being contaminated by microorganisms during long-term use. The antibacterial function of traditional water purification technologies can be realized through some modifications. The principle of some novel antibacterial approaches is summarized, which provides new inspiration for the precise design of environmental antibacterial materials. More importantly, attention is given to antibacterial modification methods and the effects between antibacterial function and the capture and/or degradation of pollutants. The application of multifunctional antibacterial materials in the purification, transportation, and storage of drinking water is also discussed.

Dempster-Shafer (DS) evidence theory is the most significant and effective method for uncertainty modeling and reasoning. How to measure the uncertainty in DS evidence theory precisely remains an outstanding problem. Various types of uncertainty measures for evidence have been presented. However, they all suffer some limitations. To address this issue, we propose a novel total uncertainty measure for the DS evidence theory framework that can quantify the uncertainty in the evidence. The new total uncertainty measure uses the Hellinger distance between the belief interval of every singleton and the most uncertain interval. Compared with the existing uncertainty measurement methods, the proposed approach is more sensitive to changes in evidence. The effectiveness and rationality of the brand new total uncertainty measure are illustrated by numerical examples and practical applications.

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It is difficult to get a feasible emergency plan when the uncertainty emergency event occurs. One of the main reasons is that there is no a well decision-making system to support it. Simulation method has many advantages, such as no constraining to the space and time, safety, low cost and so on. In this article the emergency simulation orient to the processing of the emergency event is researched. The main work includes as follows: first, analyze the factors of the emergency plan in the process of the action. Second, a simulation model is put forth based on the simulation architecture for the emergency action. Next, the best emergency plan is gotten by evaluating the operational effectiveness of these plans. Based on the simulation of the emergency response, the emergency plans are analyzed, and the results can support the decision-making for the government or society. As an example, a scenario of a fatal earthquake event is built to simulate the disaster environment base on the STAGE software. With all the available emergency plans are simulated and evaluated, the best emergency plan is gotten. This research results show meaningful and feasible.