Single-component nanomaterials such as bismuth (Bi) based on nanoparticles (NPs) intrinsically having both diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities are widely needed in biomedical fields. However, their design and fabrication still face enormous challenges. Here, a kind of pure Bi NPs with ultrahigh X-ray attenuation coeffcient was developed and evaluated as a simple but powerful theranostic nanomaterals and potent light-to-heat conversion efficiency for photoacuostic imaging (PAI)/photothermal therapy (PTT) in this study. The prepared pure Bi NPs showed excellent photothermal performance and the temperature of NPs solution (1 mg/mL) increased to 70 °C under near-infrared light irradiation within 4 min. The pure Bi NPs showed obvious enhancement effect both in X-ray computed tomography (CT) and PA imaging modalities in vivo . In addition, the glioma growth was efficiently suppressed by the pure Bi NPs after 808 nm laser irradiation, while maintained the biosafety and low toxicity. Thus, it is notable that this type of Bi nanomaterial has great potential in multi-imaging guided cancer treatment.

Efficient, robust and precise algorithms for linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and matrix differential Riccati equation (MDRE) are essential in optimal control. However, there are lack of good algorithms for time-varying LQR problem because of the difficulty of solving the nonlinear time-varying MDRE. In this paper, we proved that the n-th order LQR problem is equivalent to n parallel 1-dim Hamiltonian systems and proposed the explicit symplectic-precise iteration method (SPIM) for solving LQR and MDRE. The explicit symplectic-precise iteration algorithms (ESPIA) designed with SPIM have three typical merits: firstly, there are no accumulative errors in the sense of long-term time which inherits from symplectic difference scheme; secondly the stiffness problem due to the inverse of matrix is avoided by the precise iteration method; and finally the algorithmic structure of ESPIA is simple and no extra assumptions are required. Systematic analysis shows that the time complexity of the symplectic algorithms for the n-th order LQR and MDRE is O(k max n 3 ) where k max is the iteration times specified by the time duration. Numerical examples and simulations are provided to validate the performance of our SPIM.

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Background: To evaluate the value of serum lactate dehydrogenase in the early diagnosis of acute renal infraction(ARI). Methods: We conducted a retrospective investigation in this study. A total of 63 ARI cases were recruited, and 219 cases which diagnosed with other acute abdominal diseases, including renal calculus, gall-stone and acute appendicitis, were also enrolled as controls. The clinical and laboratory data of those subjects were collected and analyzed. And the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the value of laboratorial biomarkers in the classification of ARI. Results: There was no difference about the demographic characteristics and clinical symptoms between ARI cases and total controls except for a higher frequency of vomit in ARI group (25.4%) compared with the control group (13.2%).More ARI cases suffered with underling hypertension and cardiovascular diseases than controls. Laboratory data analysis identified abnormality of leukocytes and neutrophils counts, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, LDH, uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration, fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, among which LDH was found prominently related to the area of renal infarction (r=0.63, P=0.027). The area under the curve (AUC) of LDH reached 0.93 (SD: 0.07, P<0.001) in the classification of ARI, with an optimal sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 97%. Conclusions: Patients with ARI had a markedly higher LDH level compared with other acute abdomens. LDH might be an useful indicator in the differential diagnosis of ARI. Trial registration: No result of a health care intervention on human participants in the article.

With the advent of the information age, the influence of new media has penetrated all aspects of our lives. An art form based on new media was gradually born. We found that new media has brought tremendous changes to artists' creative methods and presentation methods in the development process. At the same time, the way people watch the exhibition has also undergone subtle changes. This research aims to explore the influence of new media on the form and content of art exhibitions and analyze the changes in the way of viewing exhibitions in the new media environment from the perspective of the audience, and at the same time combine the different perspectives of art culture and economics and commerce to carry out theoretical explanations. In order to achieve this goal, a systematic literature review was used. Industry reports, news reports, journal papers, and other data related to the development of new media in recent years will be used to support the analysis of this article. Our research has found that new media can give art exhibitions rich inspiration and more possibilities, and come to the conclusion that new media has a vast and multi-dimensional influence on art exhibitions in terms of exhibition methods, business models, and communication forms. Interpreting works of art and interacting with works of art provide new possibilities. Based on this result, this research has essential reference significance, which can be well practiced in the planning and promotion of exhibitions and art sales in the new media era, and has more excellent reference value for new forms of artistic expression.