Predictive simulation of anchor pullout from concrete structures is not only a serious problem in structural mechanics but also very important in structural design safety. In the finite element method (FEM), the crack paths or the points of crack initiation usually need to be assumed in advance. Otherwise, some special crack growth treatment or adaptive remeshing algorithm is normally used. In this paper, an extended peridynamic method was introduced to avoid the difficulties found in FEM, and its application on anchor bolt pullout in plain concrete is studied. In the analysis, the interaction between the anchor bolt and concrete is represented by a modified short-range force and an extended bond-level model for concrete is developed. Numerical analysis results indicate that the peak pullout load obtained and the crack branching of the anchoring system agreed well with the experimental investigations.
This paper presents an experimental research work that evaluates the pre-stress loss caused by friction in crushed limestone sand (CLS) concrete members with post-tensioning. A total of 26 full-scale pre-stressed concrete beams were constructed and tested for the friction loss experiment. The considered variables mainly included the duct-forming materials, wires of tendons and arrangement of ducts. The tensile forces at both active and passive ends of specimen were recorded by steps, and then the pre-stress friction loss for each case was calculated. The result shows that the proportion of pre-stress friction loss in specimen with multi-wire tendons is in the range of 10-40%, with the trend first increasing before decreasing. The pre-stress friction loss in specimen with curve duct accounts for 10-30%. The pressure on the curved part definitely increases the friction when compared with the straight duct. The pre-stress friction loss in specimen with rubber hose reaches nearly 40%, which is larger than the metal bellow and plastic bellow. The suggested values for each case are proposed for a deviation coefficient κ of 0.0017-0.007 and a friction coefficient µ of 0.108-0.858. This can provide reliable theoretical support for the design and construction.
In this study, a damage model-based fatigue behavior is proposed. To consider the fatigue behavior of steel in the damage model, the experimental research on reinforcing steel bar grades HRB400 was presented. The monotonic tension test and lowcycle fatigue test were carried out. The plastic strain amplitude-fatigue cycle (ε p -2N f ) curve and plastic strain amplitude-strength loss factor (ε p -ϕ SR ) curve were obtained. The fatigue parameters (C f , C d , and α) were proposed by nonlinear fitting.The specimens were simulated using the "Reinforcing Steel" material in "OpenSees"program. These fatigue parameters were proved to accurately describe the fatigue behavior of HRB400 rebar. Moreover, to verify the application of fatigue damage model in RC column, fiber-based element models were established based on the quasi-static cyclic test on RC columns. The calculated results agreed well with those of the tests. The damage degree of RC column was calculated by the recorded stressstrain curves of material. The proposed fatigue parameters could be referred in damage model based on material fatigue behavior. KEYWORDS damage index, low-cycle fatigue, numerical analysis, reinforcing steel bar, seismic behaviorThe current reinforced concrete (RC) structures such as bridge, crane beam, and high-rise buildings bear not only the static loading but also cyclic loading . [1,2] Structures experience deformations beyond the yielding stage in long-term situation. [3] This may lead to brittle failure characterized by insufficient utilization of material strength. [4,5] For taking full advantages of material mechanical properties in structural design, reliable methods to predict fatigue damage are recommend.Recently, various damage models for appraising structural performance state have been proposed. [6][7][8][9] Park-Ang gave the classical doubleparameter model, which depended on both of maximum deformation and hysteretic energy. [10] This model considered the interaction between accumulated damage and structural response. Guo et al. [11] extended the application of Park-Ang model to three-dimensional case; it was reliable in evaluating the damage under coupling of axial loading and bidirectional bending. Fu and Liu [12] took various displacement amplitudes and load sequence into account, whereas effective energy dissipation factor and load sequence factor were introduced. These works attempted to precisely quantify the damage degree. After that, the fatigue of material was found to influence damage degree, as the accumulated hysteretic energy and inelastic deformation resulted in the change of material mechanical properties. [13] Castillo et al. [14] generalized the Weibull model for predicting fatigue behavior at any stress level. The fatigue life of structure can be estimated by these fatigue damage model.It was concluded that the fatigue performance of structure was directly influenced by the fatigue behavior of reinforcement. [15] Zanuy et al. [16] conducted the fatigue test on RC box-girder bridges. The relationship between...
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