Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia worldwide. Although there are five FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), none of them have been applied to treat VaD. Adalimumab is a TNF-α inhibitor that is used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. In a recent retrospective case-control study, the application of adalimumab for rheumatoid or psoriasis was shown to decrease the risk of AD. However, whether adalimumab can be used for the treatment of VaD is not clear. In this study, we used 2VO surgery to generate a VaD rat model and treated the rats with adalimumab or vehicle. We demonstrated that VaD rats treated with adalimumab exhibited significant improvements in memory. In addition, adalimumab treatment significantly alleviated neuronal loss in the hippocampi of VaD rats. Moreover, adalimumab significantly reduced microglial activation and reversed M1/M2 polarization in VaD rats. Furthermore, adalimumab treatment suppressed the activity of NF-κB, an important neuroinflammatory transcription factor. Finally, adalimumab displayed a protective role against oxidative stress in VaD rats. Our results indicate that adalimumab may be applied for the treatment of human patients with VaD.

We demonstrated a HD+ resolution (1600 x 900) full color AMOLED display panel by applying optical cavity design on white OLED and combined with high transparency color filter. This panel achieved a record-high real pixel density as 413 ppi for mobile apparatus and should be suitable for applications pursuing high-quality display.

Two different approaches to realize high‐resolution active‐matrix organic light‐emitting device (AMOLED) display were delivered. By adopting specific organic light emitting diode (OLED) structure with pre‐pattern electrode and the utilization of color filter, we successfully simplify the fabrication process with fine metal mask (FMM)‐free or one‐FMM solutions. Each approach was demonstrated with a 4.4″ panel with 413 ppi pixel density based on real stripe RGB. Both panels possessed low power consumption, low reflectivity, and superior NTSC performance. Because the utilization of FMM was avoided or reduced, higher production yield, higher throughput, and lower cost could be achieved. Therefore, these two approaches are very promising for mass production of high‐resolution AMOLED display.

We demonstrated a pixel density of 413ppi for active-matrix OLED (AMOLED) by using one-FMM-solution developed based on real stripe-RGB pixel rendering. The panel achieved a high NTSC ratio of 101% and low reflectivity of ambient light less than 6% without utilization of circular polarizer as well as low power consumption of 190mW with high aperture ratio of 33% for each sup-pixel and under 30% image loading. Author KeywordsAMOLED; pixel density; FMM; RGB side-by-side; WOLED+CF Objective and BackgroundDue to continuous demand of superior picture quality, activematrix organic light emitting device (AMOLED) has emerged as a strong candidate for display technology in portable device recently. To become a high-end product, besides producing an excellent color performance, a display panel must also provide high resolution and high pixel density. White OLED (WOLED) with color filter is a simple way to achieve high pixel density AMOLED because it does not require the use of fine metal mask (FMM) in the fabrication process. However, in comparison with RGB side-by-side (SBS) technology, WOLED requires higher power consumption, but produce lower color purity. A complicated hybrid tandem white OLED device structure is thus essential to achieve high efficiency [1].