Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture injection therapy for the patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain (CLBP) systematically. Methods: Four English online databases and 4 Chinese online databases will be researched systematically from their inception to December 31, 2018. Reference management software, Endnote X7, will be used to manage and screen the records. After removing the duplicate records, 2 independent reviewers will select the studies that meet the inclusion criteria. “Risk of table” recommend by Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions will be used to judge the quality of the included records. All data will be extracted by 1 reviewer and checked by another reviewer. Any disagree will be addressed via consulting a third reviewer in the above processes. Microsoft Excel will be used to manage and convert data if necessary. The missing data will be obtained via emailing the original authors of included studies. Review Manager (RevMan5.3) will be used to perform the data synthesis if enough data were collected. Otherwise, only the qualitative analysis will be performed. Based on the heterogeneity results, fixed-effect model or random-effect model will be used to estimate the overall effect of acupuncture injection therapy for patients with nonspecific CLBP. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis will be also performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. If there are enough records included, the publish bias will be assessed by funnel plot. All procedures will be strictly performed in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Conclusion: This review will offer clinical evidence of acupuncture injection therapy for the patients with nonspecific CLBP. PROSPERO Research registration identifying number: CRD42019119158

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a disorder of bone metabolism caused by estrogen deficiency in women after menopause, which manifests clinically as pain, spinal deformities, and even fragility fractures, affecting the quality of life of patients and possibly shortening their life span. Traditional Chinese medicine prescription Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (BZYQD) has been widely used in clinical practice and achieved good results. But there is no high-level evidence to support this result. The aim of this study is to evaluate BZYQD's efficacy and safety in the management of PMOP.Methods: We will search articles in 7 electronic databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, Chinese databases SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. All the publications, with no time restrictions, will be searched without any restriction on language and status, the time from the establishment of the database to September 2022. Two reviewers will independently assess the quality of the selected studies, NoteExpress and Excel software will be used to extract data, and the content will be stored in an electronic chart. Different researchers will separately screen the titles and abstracts of records acquired potential eligibility which comes from the electronic databases. Full-text screening and data extraction will be conducted afterward independently. Statistical analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of BZYQD in the treatment of PMOP, to provide high-quality, evidencebased clinical recommendations. Conclusion:The study provides a trustable clinical foundation for BZYQD in the treatment of PMOP.

Background: Wound infection (WI) is a disease in which pathogenic bacteria invade and multiply in a wound after trauma or surgery, causing a systemic inflammatory response. WI triggers an immune response in the body, resulting in inflammation and tissue damage, as well as slowing down the healing process. The traditional Chinese medicine prescription of Wuwei Xiaodu Drink (WWXDD) has been widely used in clinical practice with good results. However, there is no high-level evidence to support this result. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of WWXDD in the treatment of WI. Methods: We will search articles in 7 electronic databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data (WF), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), Chinese databases SinoMed (CBM), PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. All the publications, with no time restrictions, will be searched without any restriction on language and status, the time from the establishment of the database to October 2022. Two reviewers will independently assess the quality of the selected studies, NoteExpress and Excel software will be used to extract data, and the content will be stored in an electronic chart. Different researchers will separately screen the titles and abstracts of records acquired potential eligibility which comes from the electronic databases. Full-text screening and data extraction will be conducted afterward independently. Statistical analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.4 software (Cochrane Collaboration). Results: What this study will do is evaluate the efficacy and safety of WWXDD in the treatment of WI in order to provide high quality, evidence-based clinical recommendations. Conclusion: This research provides a trusted clinical foundation for the treatment of WI with WWXDD.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to construct a reference system for preclinical evidence and drug superiority characterization of the anti-inflammatory effects of icariin glycosides and their derivatives through meta-analysis combined with machine learning, and to excavate the biological mechanisms behind them. Methods: The data were obtained from databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. STATA software was used for meta-analysis of indicators, and subgroup analysis was conducted based on animal species, gender, type of disease, drug dosage, and course to obtain more particulars. Furthermore, model construction were performed using R software to explore influential features on drug efficacy. In addition, the pharmacological mechanisms of icariin and its derivatives in anti-inflammation were summarized based on a comprehensive understanding of relevant literature. Results: After searching and screeningThe results showed that icariin and its derivatives significantly inhibit inflammation indicators such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Besides, machine learning with TNF-α as the output variable showed that icariin and its derivatives had stronger anti-inflammatory effects when the type of disease was respiratory, urological, neurological, and digestive, and when the dose and duration of Icariin were greater than 27.52 mg/kg/day and 31.22 days, respectively. Conclusion: Icariin and its derivatives demonstrate strong anti-inflammatory effects, particularly for respiratory, urinary, neurological, and digestive disorders. When given at doses of 27.52 mg/kg/day or more, with treatment lasting 31.22 days or beyond, these compounds hold significant potential as drugs for inflammation inhibition across multiple dis

Background: Recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) occurs in people who have their own patellofemoral dysplasia and who have not been properly treated after their first patellar dislocation. For RPD where conservative treatment is ineffective, medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is the first choice for surgical treatment, but there are various and controversial ways of MPFL reconstruction and fixation. Initially, more scholars adopted the patellar lateral tunneling (PT) approach to contain and stabilize the graft, but with the newer materials and techniques, some experts adopted the lateral patellar anchor fixation (AF) of the graft, which can avoid the collateral damage caused by the patellar lateral tunneling and can obtain the same definite efficacy. Therefore, a meta-analysis must be performed to provide evidence whether there is a difference between AF and PT reconstruction of the MPFL in the treatment of RPD.Methods: We will search, with no time restriction, without any restriction of language and status, the time from the establishment of the database to October 2022, on the following databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data (WF), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), and Chinese databases SinoMed (CBM) electronic databases. The electronic database search will be supplemented by a manual search of the reference lists of included articles. We will apply the risk-of-bias tool of the Cochrane Collaboration for randomized controlled trials to assess the methodological quality. Risk-of-Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies was used to evaluate the quality of comparative studies. Statistical analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: This systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the functional outcomes of the two fixation modalities, AF and PT, in reconstructing MPFL for RPD. Conclusion:The findings of this study will provide a basis for clinical judgment of whether there is a difference between the two forms of AF and PT reconstructed MPFL for RPD.Abbreviations: AF = patellar anchor fixation graft, MPFL = medial patellofemoral ligament, PT = through patellar tunnel, RCT = randomized controlled trials, RPD = recurrent patellar dislocation.