Background: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) has been regarded as a reliable alternative marker of insulin resistance and an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. Whether the TyG index predicts adverse cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with diabetes and ACS. Methods: A total of 2531 consecutive patients with diabetes who underwent coronary angiography for ACS were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into tertiles according to their TyG index. The primary outcomes included the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke. The TyG index was calculated as the ln (fasting triglyceride level [mg/dL] × fasting glucose level [mg/dL]/2). Results: The incidence of MACE increased with TyG index tertiles at a 3-year follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed significant differences in event-free survival rates among TyG index tertiles (P = 0.005). Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis revealed that the TyG index was an independent predictor of MACE (95% CI 1.201-1.746; P < 0.001). The optimal TyG index cutoff for predicting MACE was 9.323 (sensitivity 46.0%; specificity 63.6%; area under the curve 0.560; P = 0.001). Furthermore, adding the TyG index to the prognostic model for MACE improved the C-statistic value (P = 0.010), the integrated discrimination improvement value (P = 0.001) and the net reclassification improvement value (P = 0.019). Conclusions: The TyG index predicts future MACE in patients with diabetes and ACS independently of known cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that the TyG index may be a useful marker for risk stratification and prognosis in patients with diabetes and ACS.

A simple and green route was developed for the first time to produce fluorescent graphitic carbon nitride (F-g-C₃N₄) by hydrothermal treatment of bulk g-C₃N₄. The produced F-g-C₃N₄ dots have blue emission and a high quantum yield, and were applied as a very effective fluorescent probe for label-free selective and sensitive detection of Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) ions; the limits of detection were as low as 0.5 nM and 1.0 nM, respectively. By using sodium hexametaphosphate (SHPP) as a masking agent of Fe(3+), Cu(2+) was exclusively detected in the presence of Fe(3+) ions. Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) ions in real water samples were also detected successfully. This exceptional fluorescent performance makes the probes based on F-g-C₃N₄ dots attractive for highly sensitive detection of Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) ions in real water.

Carbon-stabilized Fe/Fe3C nanoparticles with excellent adsorption capacity for dyes were fabricated through a facile in situ synthetic strategy.

Water-soluble magnetic-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composites were synthesized successfully by in situ decorating spinel ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles on g-C3N4 sheets (CN-ZnFe) through a one-step solvothermal method. The magnetic properties of CN-ZnFe can be effectively controlled via tuning the coverage density and the size of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. The results indicate that the CN-ZnFe exhibits excellent photocatalytic efficiency for methyl orange (MO) and fast separation from aqueous solution by magnet. Interestingly, the catalytic performance of the CN-ZnFe is strongly dependent on the loading of ZnFe2O4. The optimum activity of 160CN-ZnFe photocatalyst is almost 6.4 and 5.6 times higher than those of individual g-C3N4 and ZnFe2O4 toward MO degradation, respectively. By carefully investigating the influence factors, a possible mechanism is proposed and it is believed that the synergistic effect of g-C3N4 and ZnFe2O4, the smaller particle size, and the high solubility in water contribute to the effective electron-hole pairs separation and excellent photocatalytic efficiency. This work could provide new insights that g-C3N4 sheets function as good support to develop highly efficient g-C3N4-based magnetic photocatalysts in environmental pollution cleanup.

A novel efficient Ag@AgCl/g-C3N4 plasmonic photocatalyst was synthesized by a rational in situ ion exchange approach between exfoliated g-C3N4 nanosheets with porous 2D morphology and AgNO3. The as-prepared Ag@AgCl-9/g-C3N4 plasmonic photocatalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation for rhodamine B degradation with a rate constant of 0.1954 min(-1), which is ∼41.6 and ∼16.8 times higher than those of the g-C3N4 (∼0.0047 min(-1)) and Ag/AgCl (∼0.0116 min(-1)), respectively. The degradation of methylene blue, methyl orange, and colorless phenol further confirmed the broad spectrum photocatalytic degradation abilities of Ag@AgCl-9/g-C3N4. These results suggested that an integration of the synergetic effect of suitable size plasmonic Ag@AgCl and strong coupling effect between the Ag@AgCl nanoparticles and the exfoliated porous g-C3N4 nanosheets was superior for visible-light-responsive and fast separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, thus significantly improving the photocatalytic efficiency. This work may provide a novel concept for the rational design of stable and high performance g-C3N4-based plasmonic photocatalysts for unique photochemical reaction.