Label placement is a difficult problem in automated map production. Many methods have been proposed to automatically place labels for various types of maps. While the methods are designed to automatically and effectively generate labels for the point, line and area features, less attention has been paid to the problem of jointly labeling all the different types of geographical features. In this paper, we refer to the labeling of all the graphic features as the multiple geographical feature label placement (MGFLP) problem. In the MGFLP problem, the overlapping and occlusion among labels and corresponding features produces poorly arranged labels, and results in a low-quality map. To solve the problem, a hybrid algorithm combining discrete differential evolution and the genetic algorithm (DDEGA) is proposed to search for an optimized placement that resolves the MGFLP problem. The quality of the proposed solution was evaluated using a weighted metric regarding a number of cartographical rules. Experiments were carried out to validate the performance of the proposed method in a set of cartographic tasks. The resulting label placement demonstrates the feasibility and the effectiveness of our method.

The spatial distribution of elements can be regarded as a numerical field of concentration values with a continuous spatial coverage. An active area of research is to discover geologically meaningful relationships among elements from their spatial distribution. To solve this problem, we proposed an association rule mining method based on clustered events of spatial autocorrelation and applied it to the polymetallic deposits of the Chahanwusu River area, Qinghai Province, China. The elemental data for stream sediments were first clustered into HH (high–high), LL (low–low), HL (high–low), and LH (low–high) groups by using local Moran’s I clustering map (LMIC). Then, the Apriori algorithm was used to mine the association rules among different elements in these clusters. More than 86% of the mined rule points are located within 1000 m of faults and near known ore occurrences and occur in the upper reaches of the stream and catchment areas. In addition, we found that the Middle Triassic granodiorite is enriched in sulfophile elements, e.g., Zn, Ag, and Cd, and the Early Permian granite quartz diorite (P1γδο) coexists with Cu and associated elements. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is an effective method for mining coexistence patterns of elements and provides an insight into their enrichment mechanisms.

In terms of the reality that the immature and simple manipulations of MapGIS, the expensive price, complicate operations and calculations of foreign software on reserves estimation as well as the limit of the mine techniques, an estimated module of minerals reserves is made in correspondence with the actual demand. This module is developed through MapGIS re-develop tools and relevant GIS techniques on ".Net" platform and with the utilization of visual programming language C#, in order to realize the functions of automatic mapping and output of prospecting line profile map, the interactive delineation of ore bodies, the estimates of the mineral reserves and the interactive display between map and attribute data, which will greatly improve work efficiency of disposal of the geological data and estimation of resources and reserves.

Drawing geologic maps (profile\plane\column map) are high-workload and low-accuracy task. Based on a series of research on previous study, system architecture, database and key algorithm, an auto-mapping system has been developed by interacting with MS SQL database, the framework of MAPGIS and visual programming tools. The actual-measured data in ZhiJiaDi district, Shanxi Province, China is chosen as a case study to demonstrate the validity and capability of the system. The test results compared with the manual-mapping one in GEMD method shows that the key algorithm are reliable, and this new system not only provide a user friendly interface, but also have the ability to satisfy requirement on the geologic maps with high accuracy, efficiency and conveniences.The geologic maps (profile\plane\column map) are the most basic forms of expression for the geological content, which play an important role in guidance of geological exploration, metallogenic prediction and decision-making [1]. In China, various maps are manually drawn in MAPGIS platform according to the paper map provided by the geologists, which results in large workload, complicated process and inaccuracy. It seriously affects the quality of work for computing of resources amount, metallogenic prediction and mine design, etc. Therefore, research on a new automatic mapping system which is convenient, efficient and accurate becomes the urgent need for domestic mineral system.

Errors and inefficiency may be caused by manual processing of complex templates for the preparation and management of engineering survey reports. To address this problem, this paper analyzes the multidimensional variable features of professional field documents and proposes a generation model of standardized reports based on a four-dimensional dynamic template. This approach splits the standardized report into multiple parts to construct a hierarchical tree that represents the report structure according to the report rules, then stores the tree in a graph database, and finally generates the desired report dynamically by retrieving the relational tree for the template and obtaining the relevant data. The model has been applied to the engineering geological survey report system and is shown to improve the working efficiency and data accuracy of the report preparation. Results indicate that the model is feasible and effective.