Objective: The present study evaluated the quality and quantity of new bone formation in the maxillary sinus lift procedures and stability of implants in posterior atrophic maxilla. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized controlled split-mouth study included 20 patients (16 males and 4 females having a mean age of 36.7 years) having atrophic maxilla. They were divided randomly into two groups: Group A using mesenchymal stem cells and Group B into blood coagulum. They were radiographically evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for residual bone height preoperatively and availability of new bone formation around implants, density, and stability of implants 6 months postoperatively. Results: The placement of dental implants in posterior maxilla is challenging due to rapid resorption of alveolar bone after extraction of teeth due to pneumatization of maxillary sinuses. In both the groups, more pain and swelling were observed in the 2nd postoperative day which gradually decreased over a period of 7 days. Membrane perforation occurs in only four cases (20%). A significant gain in alveolar bone height was observed in Group A (7.69 mm ± 2.5 mm) and Group B (9.32 mm ± 2 mm) after 6 months. On comparing both the groups, there is a similar significant increase in bone density in Hounsfield units postoperatively at various levels buccally and palatally. Total 40 sinuses were lifted and 42 implants were placed, respectively. All implants showed primary stability. Conclusions: Such findings provide a significant contribution in future perspective studies that the use of stem cells had the same success rate as blood coagulum.

The post-surgical sequelae like swelling, trismus and pain are often encountered when impacted mandibular third molars are extracted surgically. The study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three specific routes of administration of 20 mg methylprednisolone as a single dose with respect to control group, considering the above mentioned complications. Methods: This study included 12 patients in each group (total 48 patients) undergoing surgical extraction with respect to mandibular third molar. All patients were randomly assigned among four groups as: Group I (control; no steroids), Group II (Intramuscular Injection of steroids). Group III (Intra venous injection) and Group IV (oral tablets).In group II, patients were administered 20mg methyl prednisolone acetate in masseter muscle through intra-oral approach. In group III, intra venous administration was done by injecting 20 mg methylprednisolone succinate. Oral administration of methyl prednisolone Tab 20 mg was done in group IV while group I received no steroids. Apart from control group, each group was administered 20 mg of drug via above mentioned different routes one hour preoperatively as a single dose. All three parameters were assessed and tabulated. Results: The patients who were administered methylprednisolone preoperatively, showed superior effects with respect to swelling, trismus and pain than control group. Conclusion: The study concluded that pre-operative administration of 20 mg of methylprednisolone via any route is found to be more effective than postoperative administration however intramuscular route seems to be more efficient than other routes.

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