The Diabetes Intervention Study (DIS) is a prospective population-based multicentre trial of newly detected cases of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This report analyses the risk factors for subsequent coronary heart disease and all-cause death during the 11-year follow-up. The prognostic significance of the categories of the NIDDM Policy Group was validated with respect to the incidence of coronary heart disease and mortality. At baseline 1139 subjects, aged 30-55 years at the time of diabetes detection and classified as diet controlled after a 6-week screening phase, were included. Of the patients 112 (15.2%) suffered from myocardial infarction, 197 (19.82%) of 994 had died. The odds ratio for all-cause mortality compared to the general population for males at the age of 36-45 years was 5.1 and for females 7.0. In multivariate analysis age, blood pressure and smoking were independent risk factors for myocardial infarction and male sex, age, blood pressure, triglycerides, postprandial blood glucose and smoking for death, respectively. The categories of the NIDDM Policy Group target parameters for blood glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure were significant predictors of both CHD and death. Thus, it appears that in NIDDM good control of blood glucose, blood pressure and triglycerides is associated with a lower incidence of coronary heart disease and death rate respectively.

The resistance of compression members may be calculated by the design buckling resistance based on the reduction factor χ, which depends on the slenderness, or by the cross‐section resistance based on internal forces according to a second‐order analysis taking into account equivalent initial bow imperfections as well. The second way is especially advantageous in the case of axial forces and bending. Values for equivalent initial bow imperfections are given in codes such as Eurocode 3 [5] or DIN 18800 [4]. For comparison, initial bow imperfections are derived here from the buckling curves for compression members with different cross‐sections, buckling directions and steel grades based on different types of cross‐sectional interaction. The results are discussed and commented with regard to the design of compression members. Furthermore, investigations are carried out for cases of axial compression and bending moments My or Mz. Data available from ultimate load calculations are used for comparison. The consequences for the assumed design verification according to second‐order theory are discussed and a proposal is presented.

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Vereinfachte Nachweise für Bauteile in Form von Interaktionsgleichungen sind nach wie vor beliebt. Die in DIN 18800‐2 und EN 1993‐1‐1 vorgesehenen, die auch die plastischen Reserven von Querschnitten ausnutzen, schließen den Fall der planmäßigen Torsion bisher aus. Die Frage der Erfassung der planmäßigen Torsion wurde in einem Forschungsvorhaben behandelt, das an der RWTH Aachen, der RU Bochum und der TU Berlin durchgeführt wurde. Dabei wurden insgesamt 71 Großversuche und zusätzliche FEM‐Berechnungen durchgeführt, die es als “rechnerische” Versuche erlauben, das untersuchte Parameterfeld stark zu vergrößern. Hier wird über die an der TU Berlin durchgeführten Versuche berichtet, die Vergleichsrechnungen werden beschrieben, und die Ableitung einer Interaktionsgleichung mit den zugehörigen Interaktionsfaktoren wird erläutert. Die Anwendung wird durch Beispiele gezeigt. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)