This preliminary study investigated the attitudes, and evaluated the current practice of a sample of the veterinary profession in the UK in relation to the management of pain in horses. In June 2001, a questionnaire was posted to 260 veterinarians in specialised equine practice, and 140 veterinarians in general practice with a significant equine caseload. There was a 25 per cent response rate to the questionnaire, which recorded information about the availability and prescription of analgesic drugs, the factors influencing the selection of analgesics and their administration, and estimates of the severity of pain associated with selected clinical conditions. There were considerable variations in the practices applied to manage pain in horses, implying that there are similar attitudinal barriers to the optimal management of pain in horses as have been identified in other domestic spedes.

Objective: to analyze the musculoskeletal symptomatology concept in undergraduate nursing students through Rodgers' evolutionary method. Method: An integrative review of the literature was performed for the identification and selection of ten articles. A concept analysis was performed according to Rodgers' evolutionary method. Article search was performed using the EBOSCO Host platform, Virtual Health Library and Google scholar for the years from 2004 to 2018. Results: Based on the 3 elements of Rodgers model we found: 1) substitute terms and related concepts, where musculoskeletal disorders and musculoskeletal symptoms were highlighted; 2) as essential attributes of the concept we highlight pain and discomfort, as well as, measurement using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; and 3) risk factors were identified as antecedents, and the consequences were the impact on students' lives. Conclusions: This study contributes to the knowledge and clarification of the concept of musculoskeletal symptomatology in nursing students.

Feeding a child with cerebral palsy: parents' difficulties A Alimentação da criança com paralisia cerebral: dificuldades dos pais La alimentación de los niños con parálisis cerebral: la percepción de los padres

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The number of childhood obesity cases has been increasing in several countries around the world. In view of all the associated complications at an early stage of child development, it becomes urgent to understand this problem in depth. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of childhood obesity in Portugal and analyze the trend of its evolution in recent years. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> This is a narrative review of the literature in the databases on the following platforms: Academic Google, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), EBSCO Host, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). The keywords used were: Prevalence, Pediatric Obesity, Child Overweight, and Portugal. <b><i>Results and Discussion:</i></b> Data on the prevalence of childhood obesity in Portugal are presented, describing the results of studies conducted at national and district level, in the different age groups and by sex. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The data reveal that the prevalence of overweight in Portugal ranges between 20 and 40%, and of obesity between 10 and 15%, which reinforces the urgent need for monitoring and implementing preventive measures.