RESUMO: O presente artigo tem como principal finalidade analisar e debater a evolução da intervenção do Estado na educação no quadro das transformações que ocorrem, em diferentes países, na regulação das políticas e da acção públicas. Partindo da elucidação do conceito de regulação, apresento um modelo interpretativo para análise dos processos de regulação em educação, identificando, em seguida, as principais convergências e divergências que se verificam, em alguns países europeus, neste domínio, nomeadamente no que se refere à emergência de modelos de regulação pós-burocráticos. A parte final do artigo é consagrada à discussão do papel do Estado na defesa e promoção da escola pública, tendo em conta as evoluções que foram detectadas nos modos de governação e coordenação das políticas e da acção públicas em educação. Palavras-chave:Regulação. Estado e mercado. Regulação pós-burocrá-tica. Escola pública. STATE, EDUCATION AND REGULATION OF PUBLIC POLICIESABSTRACT: This paper mainly aims at analyzing and discussing the evolution of State interventions in Education within the framework of the on-going changes taking place in public action and policies in different countries. After clarifying the concept of regulation, it presents an interpretative model to analyze the regulation processes in Education. The main similarities and differences among some European countries are identified, namely the development of post-bureaucratic regulation models. The last section is devoted to discussing the State's role of protecting and promoting public education, considering the * Professor catedrático da

Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...

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RESUMO:No presente artigo proponho-me caracterizar a evolução recente do sistema educativo português (no nível dos ensinos básico e secundário) tomando como referência as transformações ocorridas nos processos de organização e regulação dos seguintes domínios: currículo, oferta escolar, recrutamento e formação de professores, gestão escolar e recursos financeiros, partenariado socio-educativo. Como eixo central de análise utiliza-se o conceito de "regulação institucional" como intervenção das autoridades públicas para introduzir "regras" e "constrangimentos" no mercado ou na acção social. O objectivo do presente texto consiste, por isso, em utilizar a evolução dos modos de regulação como analisador das transformações recentes do sistema educativo português, pondo em destaque a coexistência de medidas de reforço da autonomia das escolas e de novas formas de controlo, bem como a sua inserção nas políticas de combate às desigualdades escolares. Serão analisados, igualmente, os sentidos que essas medidas assumem num contexto de mudança global dos modos de regulação da educação, que ocorre em vários países, tendo em vista a redefinição do papel do "Estado educador" e a emergência de uma "regulação pelo mercado". Palavras-chave:Regulação da educação. Políticas educativas. Reformas da educação em Portugal. ORGANIZATION AND REGULATION IN THE PORTUGUESE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM (AT BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL)ABSTRACT: Taking as its starting point the changes in the regulation and organization processes of such fields as curriculum, school provision, teacher training and recruitment, school management and financial resources and socio-educational partnership, this paper de-