No abstract

RESUMO Colheu

This study compared the usefulness of in vitro culture, PCR, and nested PCR for the diagnosis of Theileria equi in horses submitted to stress during exercise. Blood samples from 15 apparently healthy horses, previously conditioned to a high-speed equine treadmill, were taken prior to and after exercise. The animals were divided into two experimental groups: 30-day training schedule (G1) and 90-day training schedule (G2). Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test and kappa statistic was used in order to assess agreement. No significant difference was observed between samples collected at resting or after exercise. In G1, merozoites of T. equi were detected in the blood smears of four horses before in vitro culture, whereas 14 samples were positive, confirmed by culture. In G2, five and 11 horses were positive before and after culture, respectively. No PCR amplified product was observed in any of the tested animals although the PCR system based on the 16S rRNA gene of T. equi detected DNA in blood with an equivalent 8x10-5% parasitaemia. The nested PCR based on the T. equi merozoite antigen gene (EMA-1) allowed the visualization of amplified products in all the horses. Therefore, nested PCR should be considered as a means of detection of sub-clinical T. equi infections and in vitro culture could be used as a complement to other methods of diagnosis.

RESUMONas últimas décadas a população mundial passou a se concentrar nos centros urbanos, fazendo com que as cidades crescessem e houvesse retirada das espécies nativas para a ocupação dos espaços. Para amenizar os problemas originados pela urbanização é necessário incluir a vegetação como um fator indispensável. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a percepção dos moradores do bairro Santa Tereza em relação à arborização local. A metodologia empregada para realização do presente estudo foi fundamentada em entrevistas estruturadas contendo questões abertas e fechadas, realizada por amostragem probabilística. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os moradores possuem uma boa percepção ambiental sabendo identificar benefícios e desvantagens reconhecendo a importância da arborização. No entanto, não possuem um conhecimento adequado sobre quem seria o responsável para fazer plantios e manutenções. Por meio desta pesquisa percebeu-se que os munícipes entrevistados estão dispostos a apoiar leis e contribuir para a arborização urbana. Conclui-se assim a necessidade de elaboração de programas de sensibilização e educação ambiental à população, assim como a formulação de políticas públicas voltados para a arborização urbana.Palavras-chave: políticas públicas; educação ambiental; árvores; Amazônia. ABSTRACTIn the last decades, the world population began to concentrate in urban centers, causing the cities grew and there was withdrawal of native species for the occupation of places. To evaluate the problems caused by urbanization is necessary to include vegetation as an indispensable factor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of residents of Santa Tereza neighborhood in relation to the local afforestation. The methodology used to carry out the present study was based on structured interviews with open and closed questions, performed by probabilistic sampling. The results indicated that residents have a good environmental perception knowing identify benefits and disadvantages and they recognizing the importance of afforestation. However, they do not have adequate knowledge about who would be responsible for making planting and maintenance. Through this research, it was noticed that the citizens are available to support laws and contribute to urban forestry. We conclude with this, the need for development of awareness and environmental education programs for the population, as well as the formulation of public policies focused on urban forestry.