B-2b.

Adenoids play a key role in both respiratory and ear infection in children. It has also been shown that adenoidectomy improves these symptoms in this population. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate adenoid bacterial colonization and document a possible relation with infectious respiratory disease. A prospective observational study was designed to evaluate the proposed hypothesis in a paediatric population submitted to adenoidectomy by either infectious or non-infectious indications and compare these two cohorts. A total of 62 patients with ages ranging from 1 to 12 years old were enrolled in the study. Adenoid surface, adenoid core and middle meatus microbiota were compared. A close association between adenoid colonization and nasal infection was found, supporting that adenoids may function as bacterial reservoir for upper airway infection. The obtained results also contribute to explain the success of adenoidectomy in patients with infectious indications.

No abstract

We found that recommending water protection did not have beneficial effect on the incidence of otorrhea after myringotomy with tubes on chronic otitis media with effusion. However, such measures did not appear to have a negative impact on quality of life. This is a populational observational study with few cases (143 cases); these final statements would be better stated by a very large populational study with another large control group.

Persistent isolated inflammation ofthe sphenoid sinus, an entity that is not diagnosed velY often, pos es a challenge to clinicians and researchers alike, Its features tend to suggest that its etiopathogenesis is different fro m that of more common forms ofchronic rhinosinusitis. We report the case of a 54-y ear-old woman who had a history of distressing chronic pos tnasal drip and a globus sensation with opacification ofthesphenoid sinus. She was diagnosed with gas troesop hageal reflux, and Helicobacter pylori was detected in her gas tric contents and in the inflamed mucosa ofthe sphenoid sinus, as well. Complete sy mp tom relief was achieved only after she had undergone surgical sphenoidotomy and treatment with anti-H pylori medication. We discuss the potential fo r this ubiquitous gas tric bacterium to p lay a role in at least som eforms of chronic sinonasal inflamm ation.