Dysglycemia, in this survey defined as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes, is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and associated with an unfavorable prognosis. This European survey investigated dysglycemia screening and risk factor management of patients with CAD in relation to standards of European guidelines for cardiovascular subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The European Society of Cardiology's European Observational Research Programme (ESC EORP) European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) V (2016-2017) included 8,261 CAD patients, aged 18-80 years, from 27 countries. If the glycemic state was unknown, patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and measurement of glycated hemoglobin A 1c. Lifestyle, risk factors, and pharmacological management were investigated. RESULTS A total of 2,452 patients (29.7%) had known diabetes. OGTT was performed in 4,440 patients with unknown glycemic state, of whom 41.1% were dysglycemic. Without the OGTT, 30% of patients with type 2 diabetes and 70% of those with IGT would not have been detected. The presence of dysglycemia almost doubled from that selfreported to the true proportion after screening. Only approximately one-third of all coronary patients had completely normal glucose metabolism. Of patients with known diabetes, 31% had been advised to attend a diabetes clinic, and only 24% attended. Only 58% of dysglycemic patients were prescribed all cardioprotective drugs, and use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (3%) or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (1%) was small. CONCLUSIONS Urgent action is required for both screening and management of patients with CAD and dysglycemia, in the expectation of a substantial reduction in risk of further cardiovascular events and in complications of diabetes, as well as longer life expectancy.

Background: Transition from paediatric to adult services can be stressful and potentially disruptive for adolescents diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to ascertain transitionrelated factors relevant to young people in New Zealand. Methods: Adolescents diagnosed with IBD prior to their 16 th birthday were asked to participate in focus groups to generate transition-related themes. These themes were used to develop a questionnaire, which was then administered to a second group of young patients. Results: Initial focus group discussions generated several key themes: these included concerns about meeting new people in unfamiliar surroundings, the importance of shared clinics and assessments for transition readiness. The subsequent transition questionnaire was completed by 53 young people (28 female and 48 with Crohn's disease). The most commonly reported difficulty by those entering transition was meeting a new doctor. This and building a new relationship/trust were the main concerns of respondents who were preparing for or within a transition process. Parental assessment of illness and readiness to transition were not thought to be as important as other factors for determining readiness for transition. The character of their new adult gastroenterologist was the factor felt most likely to make transition easy. Conclusions: The main concerns of these young patients with IBD, at various stages of transition, were about meeting a new team and building new relationships. Planning and conducting a structured transition process should consider these factors to optimise the process.

Most clinicians in NZ screen for CD, but there is a wide variation in practice.

he problems of abused and neglected children are ep-idemic in our society (U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect [ABCAN], 1995) and create issues that psychologists may be called on to address. According to ABCAN, conservative estimates indicate that almost 2,000 infants and young children, or 5 children every day, die from abuse and neglect by parents or caretakers each year. Mc-Clain's (ABCAN, 1995; McClain, Sacks, & Frohlke, 1993) research at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that abuse and neglect kill 5.4 out of every 100,000 children ages four and under.According to ABCAN, fatalities are not the entire story. There are tens of thousands of victims overwhelmed

The study generated results suggesting that a larger study will be worthwhile to investigate the relationship between GE and T1DM.