RESUMO -(Relações entre a distribuição das espécies de diferentes estratos e as características do solo de uma floresta aluvial no Estado do Paraná, Brasil). Entre os fatores que influenciam a distribuição de espécies nas comunidades vegetais localizadas em regiões ribeirinhas, as características do solo são consideradas os mais importantes. No presente estudo, foram avaliadas a composição florística, a diversidade e a estrutura de três estratos da vegetação e suas relações com as características do solo em um fragmento de floresta aluvial na bacia do rio Iguaçu, no estado do Paraná. Buscou-se verificar se a estrutura e a diversidade da floresta nos diferentes estratos podem ser explicadas por fatores edáficos e hídricos. Caracterizaram-se os parâmetros estruturais e a composição florística de três estratos da vegetação % de regeneração (20 cm ≤ altura ≤ 1,30 m; 80 sub-parcelas de 1 m×1 m), intermediário (perímetro à altura do peito -PAP < 15 cm, altura > 1,30 m; 20 sub-parcelas de 5 m×5 m) e superior (PAP ≥ 15 cm, 20 parcelas de 10 m×10 m) -e correlacionaram-se as abundâncias das espécies com os parâmetros do solo e do lençol freático de cada parcela. A floresta caracterizou-se por baixa diversidade (H' = 2,36 no estrato de regeneração, 2,49 no estrato no estrato intermediário e 1,59 no estrato superior) e alta similaridade florística entre estratos (índices de similaridade de Sørensen ≥ 0,65). As relações entre a distribuição espacial das espécies e as características do solo foram distintas entre estratos: no estrato superior correlacionou-se com a profundidade do lençol freático e o teor de matéria orgânica; no intermediário, com profundidade do lençol e teor de alumínio, porém no estrato inferior nenhum dos fatores ambientais analisados explicou a distribuição das espécies. Os resultados sugerem que a estrutura e a composição florística destas comunidades aluviais refletem os diferentes níveis de interação ao longo do ciclo de vida dos indivíduos.Palavras-chave: estrato de regeneração, floresta com Araucária, floresta Ombrófila Mista, lençol freático, nutrientes do solo ABSTRACT -(Species distribution relationships of different strata and soil characteristics in an alluvial forest in Paraná State, Brazil). Soil characteristics are the most important factors influencing species distribution in alluvial forests. Here we evaluated species composition, diversity and structure of three forest strata and their relationship with soil characteristics in a fragment of alluvial forest in the Iguaçu River basin, Paraná state. We asked if forest structure and diversity can be explained by edaphic and hydrological factors. We evaluated structural variables and floristic composition of three forest strata: regeneration stratum (20 cm ≤ height ≤ 1.30 m; 80 subplots, 1 m×1 m), intermediate stratum (perimeter at breast height -pbh < 15 cm, height > 1.30 m; 20 subplots, 5 m×5 m) and upper stratum (pbh ≥ 15 cm, 20 subplots, 10 m×10 m). In addition, we correlated species abundance with soil parameters in each subplot. The fore...
O presente trabalho foi realizado em uma área sob a concessão do Hotel Tropical Cataratas - Eco Resort, o qual encontra-se localizado na zona de uso intensivo no Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Foz do Iguaçu PR.. Este teve como objetivo o planejamento do traçado de uma trilha interpretativa através da caracterização florística. Para isto, foram utilizadas 15 parcelas de 10mx10m, nas quais foram medidas todas as espécies arbóreas com diâmetro superior a 5cm. A definição do traçado da trilha foi através de critérios subjetivos, utilizando-se de indicadores que receberam pontuações para Status, Beleza Cênica e Utilização Antrópica. Os resultados indicam que a área de estudos trata-se de um remanescente de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Submontana, que sofreu exploração seletiva em períodos anteriores. Os indivíduos com maior pontuação indicaram o traçado da trilha e as parcelas que apresentaram as maiores pontuações oferecerão oportunidades para a elaboração de painéis interpretativos, bem como para a interpretação guiada. FLORISTIC CARACTERIZATION AS A TOOL FOR INTERPRETATIVE TRAIL PLANNING Abstract The information were gathered in the concession area of the Hotel Tropical das Cataratas Eco Resort, Intensive Use Zone of the National Iguaçu Park (Foz do Iguaçu, PR.). The aim of this work was the characterize the vegetation at the study site in order to plan the trace of an interpretative trail. The floristic characterization was done through 15 parcels (10mx10m each), where was measured all trees over 5cm of diameter of breast height. Trail definition was done based on pointed criteria as Status Scenic Beauty and Anthropic Utilization. According to the results, the forest analysed is a remnant of the pristine forest. Species with high points along the parcels, defined the track. Parcels scored with highpoint numbers of the chosen criteria suggested the opportunity for implementation of guided tours and illustrative signs along the interpretative trail.
The delineation of unique areas in biodiversity is crucial for conservation planning. However, identification of distinct biotas is a challenging task. In this study, we use an objective analytical process to test if bird and plant species composition of three different forest formation in the Atlantic forest Biome is sufficiently distinct to merit the recognition of ecoregions. We also evaluated how current climatic and spatial factors shape the distribution of plants and birds. Sampling localities were selected in three forest types of southern Brazil: mixed rain forest (MF), seasonal semi‐deciduous forest (SF) and dense rain forest (DF). The point‐centred quarter method and point counts were used to sample plants and birds respectively. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate species composition, while the Rank Occupancy Abundance Profile was used to determine the association of bird species with each forest type. We used variation partitioning to determine which factors, that is climatic, spatial or tree species abundance (in the case of birds) better explained the distribution of plants and birds. A total of 176 tree species and 270 bird species were recorded. The bird species composition was sufficiently distinct among the three forest types, but the plant species composition was only distinct between DF and MF. Moreover, 61% of bird species were associated with only one forest type. This high association and the different species composition suggest that these forest types are sufficiently distinct to merit the recognition of ecoregions. Plant distribution was mainly affected by climatic variables, while bird distribution was mainly influenced by forest type and less so by climatic variables. Our data suggest that all three forest types should be conserved, but conservation strategies are urgent in MF where only 0.39% of its original cover is under protection.
Com o propósito de estudar a regeneração natural em povoamentos de Araucaria angustifolia (PA) e Pinus sp.(PP), sem manejo, nas áreas do Parque Estadual de Campinhos, no Município de Tunas do Paraná, PR, foram instaladas 18 parcelas de 10 m2, 7 para PA e 11 para PP. Amostraram-se todos os indivíduos maiores que 1,5 m de altura, dos quais se mensurou o perímetro à 1,30 m do nível do solo. No PA obteve-se 586 indivíduos, 67 espécies e 29 famílias e no PP foram mensurados 442 indivíduos de 58 espécies e 22 famílias. As espécies mais importantes no PA foram Cordyline spectabilis, Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus e Clethra scabra, e no PP C. spectabilis, Lonchocarpus sp1. e Cupania vernalis. O PA apresentou parâmetros fitossociológicos e diversidade superiores ao PP. A composição florística foi similar em ambos, o que denotou o potencial regenerativo do PP.Natural regeneration under reforestation of Araucaria angustifolia and Pinus sp. in Tunas do Paraná, PR, BrazilThis study aimed to assess the natural regeneration in stands of Araucaria angustifolia (PA) and Pinus sp. (PP) without management in Campinhos State Park, in the Municipality of Tunas do Paraná, Parana State, Brazil. Eighteen plots of 10 m2 were installed, 7 plots for PA and 11 for PP. All trees higher than 1.5 m were sampled and their circumference were measured at 1.30 m above ground level. In PA stand there were 586 individuals, corresponding to 67 species and 29 families and in PP stand 442 individuals of 58 species and 22 families were measured. The most important species in PA were Cordyline spectabilis, Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus and Clethra scabra; and in PP were C. spectabilis, Lonchocarpus sp.1 and Cupania vernalis. PA showed phytosociological parameters and diversity higher than PP. The floristic composition was similar for both stands, which denoted the regenerative potential of PP.Index terms: Native species; Forest plantation; Conservation unit
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