Fifty-seven patients with penetrating cardiac or pericardial trauma were treated at the Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University of Stellenbosch at the Tygerberg Hospital during a 6 1/2 year period from June 1971 to January 1978. Eleven patients were treated by aspiration alone because tamponade was mild, or because they were seen between 24 hours and 3 weeks after injury. Six patients underwent late elective surgery. Cardiopulmonary bypass had to be employed in four patients to correct intracardiac lesions. All other patients underwent emergency operations 8 minutes to 2 hours after admission to hospital. The hospital mortality was 4 of 57 patients (7%), lower than rates reported in other series. Some selected cases will be described more fully and our present plan of management is outlined.
InleidingDie Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika (Wet no 108 van 1996) erken nie alleen 11 tale as amptelik nie, maar verklaar dat elke leerder die reg het tot onderrig in die taal van keuse. Een van die moontlikhede wat uitgesonder word om hierdie reg te implementeer is die instelling van enkelmediumskole. In die praktyk skyn dit egter of die owerhede spesifiek Afrikaans-enkelmediumskole en -opvoedkundige inrigtings teiken om óf dubbel-óf parallelmediuminrigtings te word. Aan die hand van amptelike stappe wat deur die onderwysowerhede in drie provinsies teen Afrikaans-enkelmediumskole geneem is en wat tot litigasie gelei het, sal in die volgende afdelings (i) die belang van moedertaalonderrig en (ii) die reg tot moedertaalonderrig teenoor die reg om onderrig in die taal van keuse te ontvang, aan die bod kom. Die gevolgtrekking is dat daar genoegsame getuienis is dat Afrikaansmoedertaalonderrig in enkelmediumskole werklik in 'n staat van beleg verkeer.
Belang van moedertaalonderrigDie term "moedertaal", soos baie ander terme wat in taalbeplanning ter sprake is, is 'n ideologies gelaaide term (Phillipson 1992:39 e.v.). Spesifiek in Suid-Afrika is die begrip − weens redes wat later bespreek sal word − sterk gestigmatiseer. Kriteria deur Phillipson (1992:39) aangelê vir die bepaling van 'n moedertaal is oorsprong, funksies, bedrewenheid, vereenselwiging en identifikasie deur ander, asook of dit die taal van (een van) die biologiese
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