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This study was performed to investigate the relationship between heart rate (HR) as a percentage of peak HR and oxygen uptake (V̇O2) as a percentage of peak V̇O2 in older adults while performing deep water running (DWR). Twenty-three (14 male and 9 female) apparently healthy older adults, age 50 to 70 years, volunteered. Deep water running to V̇O2peak was performed in 3-min stages at leg speeds controlled by a metronome beginning at 60 strides per minute and increasing 12 strides per minute each additional stage. Oxygen uptake and HR were continuously monitored by open-circuit spirometry and radiotelemetry, respectively. Simple linear regression analysis was used to establish the relationship between the physiological variables. The relationship between %V̇O2peak and %HRpeak was statistically significant, with the male (%V̇O2peak = 1.5301 [%HRpeak] − 54.4932 [r = .96, SEE = 6.0%]) and female (%V̇O2peak = 1.5904 [%HRpeak] - 62.3935 [r = .91, SEE = 6.9%]) regression equations being significantly different (p < .05). The regression equations of older adults and those for college-aged males (%VO2peak = 1.4634 [%HRpeak] − 49.619) and females (%V̇O2peak = 1.6649 [%HRpeak] − 67.862) were not significantly different.

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1998) Regression of oxygen consumption on heart rate during supported and unsupported deep water running in healthy mixed gender subjects, Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation, 8:3,[291][292][293][294][295][296][297][298][299] The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) during the performance of unsupported and supported deep water running (DWR) in young healthy males and females. A second purpose was to compare regression of predicted VO 2 on heart rate between the two methods of support (i.e., unsupported vs vest supported). Thirty-three college-aged students (18 males and 15 females), aged 19 to 28 years, volunteered for this study. Each subject completed practice sessions until satisfactory DWR performance was attained. Subjects returned for a VO 2p eak test in the water on a subsequent day. The test involved the performance of a DWR graded exercise test at a metronome cadence of 72 strides-min -1 with a cadence increase of 12 strides min" 1 in each subsequent 3 minute stage. Heart rate and VO 2 were monitored continuously throughout the test. Statistical analysis of the difference in physiological stimulus between supported and unsupported DWR in female and male subjects was made using simple linear regression. F-ratios were developed from the residual sum of squares of a restricted and unrestricted model to test the proposed hypotheses. It was shown that unsupported DWR is a mode of exercise that does not produce a graded physiological response. This study demonstrated that during unsupported DWR heart rate predicts VO 2 in ml-min -1 -kg -1 with the highest correlation coefficient and the lowest standard error in both gender groups. All developed regression equations were statistically different between gender and between the two methods of support.

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